Estimating Global Prevalence of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease in Overweight or Obese Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

• Published in: International journal of public health Vol. 66; p. 1604371
• Main Authors: Liu, Jiaye, Mu, Chunyang, Li, Kewei, Luo, Han, Liu, Yong, Li, Zhihui
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A 06.10.2021
• Subjects: adolescent; children; metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; prevalence; Public Health Archive
• ISSN: 1661-8564; 1661-8556; 1661-8564
• DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2021.1604371

Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a new terminology updated from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aim to estimate the global prevalence of MAFLD in overweight or obese children and adolescents, by repurposing existing data on fatty liver disease. Methods: We screened relevant articles published up to December 2020. Pooled prevalence was calculated using Logit transformations. Results: Our search returned 35,441 records, of which 156 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The overall prevalence of MAFLD was 33.78% in the general population and 44.94% in a special population based on child obesity clinics, regardless of the diagnostic techniques. For subgroup analysis, MAFLD prevalence was significantly higher in boys compared to girls (36.05 vs. 26.84% in the general population; 50.20 vs. 35.34% in the child obesity clinics-based population). Interestingly, based on study source, the pooled prevalence of MAFLD was 1.5-fold higher in other “fatty liver disease” studies compared to the classical “NAFLD” studies in the general population. Conclusion: MAFLD is highly prevalent in overweight or obese children and adolescents. Raising awareness and urgent actions are warranted to control the MAFLD pandemic across the globe.