Cross-Reactive Antibody Responses to Novel H5Nx Influenza Viruses Following Homologous and Heterologous Prime-Boost Vaccination with a Prepandemic Stockpiled A(H5N1) Vaccine in Humans

• Published in: The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 216; no. suppl_4; pp. S555 - S559
• Main Authors: Levine, Min Z., Holiday, Crystal, Liu, Feng, Jefferson, Stacie, Gillis, Eric, Bellamy, Abbie R., Tumpey, Terrence, Katz, Jacqueline M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: US Oxford University Press 15.09.2017
• Subjects: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adolescent; Adult; Antibodies, Viral - blood; Antibody Formation; Cross Reactions; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; Humans; Immunization, Secondary; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - immunology; Influenza Vaccines - administration & dosage; Influenza Vaccines - therapeutic use; Influenza, Human - prevention & control; Middle Aged; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Supplement; SUPPLEMENT ARTICLES; Young Adult; pre-pandemic stockpile; highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses; antibody responses
• ISSN: 0022-1899; 1537-6613; 1537-6613
• DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix001

Recently, novel highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx viruses (clade 2.3.4.4) caused outbreaks in US poultry. We evaluated the potential of a stockpiled A(H5N1) A/Anhui/1/2005 (clade 2.3.4) vaccine to elicit cross-reactive antibody responses to these emerging viruses. Sera from subjects who received 2 doses of MF59-adjuvanted A/Anhui/1/2005, or 1 dose of MF59-adjuvanted A/Anhui/1/2005 following priming with a clade 1 vaccine were characterized by microneutralization assays and modified hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. Only heterologous prime-boost vaccination induced modest cross-reactive HI antibody responses to H5Nx viruses. Heterologous prime-boost may provide a more effective vaccination strategy to broaden the antibody responses to emerging viruses.