Heat Shock Causes Lower Plasmodium Infection Rates in Anopheles albimanus
The immune response of Anopheles mosquitoes to Plasmodium invasion has been extensively studied and shown to be mediated mainly by the nitric oxide synthase (NOS), dual oxidase (DUOX), phenoloxidase (PO), and antimicrobial peptides activity. Here, we studied the correlation between a heat shock insu...
Saved in:
Published in | Frontiers in immunology Vol. 12; p. 584660 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Frontiers Media S.A
24.06.2021
|
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Summary: | The immune response of
Anopheles
mosquitoes to
Plasmodium
invasion has been extensively studied and shown to be mediated mainly by the nitric oxide synthase (NOS), dual oxidase (DUOX), phenoloxidase (PO), and antimicrobial peptides activity. Here, we studied the correlation between a heat shock insult, transcription of immune response genes, and subsequent susceptibility to
Plasmodium berghei
infection in
Anopheles albimanus
. We found that transcript levels of many immune genes were drastically affected by the thermal stress, either positively or negatively. Furthermore, the transcription of genes associated with modifications of nucleic acid methylation was affected, suggesting an increment in both DNA and RNA methylation. The heat shock increased PO and NOS activity in the hemolymph, as well as the transcription of several immune genes. As consequence, we observed that heat shock increased the resistance of mosquitoes to
Plasmodium
invasion. The data provided here could help the understanding of infection transmission under the ever more common heat waves. |
---|---|
Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 This article was submitted to Molecular Innate Immunity, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology Reviewed by: Nora Kristin Elisa Schulz, Vanderbilt University, United States; Maria Luisa Simões, Johns Hopkins University, United States Edited by: Massimo E. Maffei, University of Turin, Italy |
ISSN: | 1664-3224 1664-3224 |
DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2021.584660 |