Adenosine and extracellular volume in radiocontrast media-induced nephropathy

• Published in: Kidney international Vol. 54; no. S67; pp. S192 - S194
• Main Authors: Erley, Christiane M., Heyne, N., Rossmeier, S., Vogel, T., Risler, Teut, Osswald, Hartmut
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.09.1998
• Subjects: 3-dipropylxanthine; 8-cyclopropyl-1; Acute Kidney Injury - chemically induced; Acute Kidney Injury - drug therapy; Acute Kidney Injury - metabolism; acute renal failure; adenosine; Adenosine - analysis; Animals; Blood Pressure; Contrast Media - adverse effects; Enzyme Inhibitors; Extracellular Space - chemistry; glomerular filtration rate; Hematocrit; hydration; Hypertension, Renal - chemically induced; Hypertension, Renal - drug therapy; Hypertension, Renal - metabolism; Kidney - chemistry; Kidney - metabolism; Male; mean arterial pressure; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; nitric oxide; nitro-L-Arg methyl ester; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; renal blood flow; Water - metabolism; Xanthines - pharmacology; adenosine; nitric oxide; acute renal failure; nitro-L-Arg methyl ester; glomerular filtration rate; hydration; renal blood flow; mean arterial pressure; 8-cyclopropyl-1; 3-dipropylxanthine
• ISSN: 0085-2538; 0098-6577; 1523-1755
• DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.06744.x

Adenosine and extracellular volume in radiocontrast media-induced nephropathy. Renal hemodynamic changes could play a key role in radiocontrast media-induced nephropathy (RCIN), although the pathophysiological mechanisms are unclear. We investigated the role of adenosine in RCIN caused by sodium diatrizoate (Urografin, 3 ml/kg) in nitro-L-Arg methyl ester (L-NAME)-hypertensive rats in different hydration states [eight weeks of L-NAME (50mg/liter) in drinking water; high or low sodium intake for the last two weeks]. In clearance experiments under thiobutabarbital anesthesia in these previously mentioned animals, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal blood flow (RBF), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured in the presence or absence of the adenosine A1-receptor antagonist 8-cyclopropyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX, 100 μg/kg bolus plus 10 μg/kg/hr). DPCPX or pretreatment did not change control hemodynamics. Contrast medium caused GFR and RBF to fall significantly in volume-depleted rats (from 0.29 ± 0.02 to 0.21 ± 0.02 ml/min/100g and 5.4 ± 0.3 to 4.0 ± 0.4 ml/min, respectively) without change in MAP. In volume-expanded rats, changes were not significant (0.25 ± 0.01 to 0.24 ± 0.02 ml/min/100g and 5.6 ± 0.3 to 5.3 ± 0.4 ml/min, respectively). In the volume-depleted rats, changes were prevented by DPCPX (0.27 ± 0.02 to 0.24 ± 0.02 ml/min/100g and 4.8 ± 0.1 to 5.0 ± 0.1 ml/min, respectively). The acute hemodynamic effects elicited by contrast medium in L-NAME hypertensive rats thus can be prevented by volume expansion. Adenosine, via A1-receptors, contributes to the adverse effects of contrast media.