Attenuation of inflammatory bowel disease by oral administration of mucoadhesive polydopamine-coated yeast β-glucan via ROS scavenging and gut microbiota regulation

• Published in: Journal of nanobiotechnology Vol. 22; no. 1; p. 166
• Main Authors: Yang, Fan, Su, Yuting, Yan, Chi, Chen, Tianfeng, Cheung, Peter Chi Keung
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central 12.04.2024; BMC
• Subjects: Adhesiveness; Administration, Oral; Animals; Colitis; Colitis - chemically induced; Colitis - drug therapy; Cytokines; Digestive system; Dopamine; Dysbacteriosis; Epithelium; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Gastrointestinal tract; Gene sequencing; Glucan; Gut microbiome; Homeostasis; Immunosuppressive agents; Indoles; Inflammation; Inflammatory bowel disease; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - drug therapy; Intestinal microflora; Intestine; Mice; Microbiota; Microorganisms; Nanoparticles; Oral administration; Oxidative stress; Polydopamine; Polymerization; Polymers; Probiotics; Proteins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Retention time; rRNA 16S; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Scavenging; Side effects; Vibration; Yeast; Yeast β-glucan; Yeasts; β-Glucan; Polydopamine; Reactive oxygen species; Colitis; Yeast β-glucan; Gut microbiome; Adhesiveness
• ISSN: 1477-3155; 1477-3155
• DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02434-3

Treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is challenging since current anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapies do not address the underlying causes of the illness, which include increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and dysbiosis of the gut commensal microbiota. Additionally, these treatments often have systemic off-target effects and adverse side effects. In this study, we have developed a prebiotic yeast β-glucan nanocomplex coated with bio-adhesive polydopamine (YBNs@PDA) to effectively prolong their retention time in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The oral administration of YBNs@PDA restored the epithelium barriers, reduced ROS levels, and minimized systemic drug exposure while improved therapeutic efficacy in an acute colitis mouse model. Furthermore, 16S ribosomal RNA genes sequencing demonstrated a higher richness and diversity in gut microflora composition following the treatments. In particular, YBNs@PDA markedly augmented the abundance of Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 and Bifidobacterium, both of which are probiotics with crucial roles in relieving colitis via retaining gut homeostasis. Cumulatively, these results demonstrate that the potential of YBNs@PDA as a novel drug-free, ROS-scavenging and gut microbiota regulation nanoplatform for the treatment of GI disorders.