Electrochemical insertion of lithium, sodium, and magnesium in molybdenum(VI) oxide

• Published in: Journal of power sources Vol. 54; no. 2; pp. 346 - 351
• Main Authors: Spahr, M.E., Novák, P., Haas, O., Nesper, R.
• Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: Lausanne Elsevier B.V 01.04.1995; Elsevier Sequoia
• Subjects: Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Exact sciences and technology; General and physical chemistry; Insertion; Kinetics and mechanism of reactions; Lithium; Magnesium; Molybdenum oxide; Sodium; Insertion; Molybdenum oxide; Lithium; Magnesium; Sodium; Molybdenum VI Oxides; Aluminium III Chlorides; Molten electrolyte; Magnesium Chlorides; Experimental study; Alkaline earth metal Ions; Intercalation compound; Electrodes; Organic solvent; Transition metal Oxides; Anhydrous medium; Electrode reaction; Acetonitrile; Magnesium Ions; Magnesium Perchlorates; Electrochemical reaction
• ISSN: 0378-7753; 1873-2755
• DOI: 10.1016/0378-7753(94)02099-O

The electrochemical insertion of divalent magnesium cations into orthorhombic molybdenum(VI) oxide was studied with regard to their use as electroactive species in ion-transfer battery systems and compared to the insertion of Li + and Na +. Specific charges of up to 300 and 240 Ah kg −1 were obtained in organic, propylene carbonate-based electrolytes for the lithium and sodium insertion, respectively, in the first reduction half-cycle. Reversible Mg 2+ insertion could be demonstrated in a room temperature molten salt electrolyte consisting of 3 wt.% MgCl 2, 41 wt.% 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, and 56 wt.% AlCl 3. Specific charges of up to 160 Ah kg −1 were obtained with MoO 3 in the first reduction half-cycle. The Mg 2+ insertion process can be enhanced using an organic electrolyte with traces of H 2O. In 1 M Mg(ClO 4) 2/acetonitrile with 3 mol% of H 2O, specific charges of up to 210 Ah kg −1 were measured in the first reduction.