Genetic Characterization of Lumpy Skin Disease Viruses Circulating in Lesotho Cattle

• Published in: Viruses Vol. 16; no. 5; p. 762
• Main Authors: Makalo, Mabusetsa Joseph Raporoto, Settypalli, Tirumala Bharani Kumar, Meki, Irene Kasindi, Bakhoum, Mame Thierno, Ahmed, Hatem Ouled, Phalatsi, Moeketsi Solomon, Ramatla, Tsepo, Onyiche, ThankGod Emmanuel, Nionzima-Bohloa, Lineo, Metlin, Artem, Dhingra, Madhur, Cattoli, Giovanni, Lamien, Charles Euloge, Thekisoe, Oriel Matlhahane Molifi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 11.05.2024
• Subjects: Analysis; Animals; Biosecurity; Care and treatment; Cattle; Chemokine receptors; Disease transmission; Diseases; DNA sequencing; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; Epidemics; G protein-coupled receptors; Genes; Genetic aspects; Genome, Viral; Genomes; Genomics; Glycoproteins; Growth; Lesotho; Lesotho - epidemiology; Lumpy skin disease; Lumpy Skin Disease - epidemiology; Lumpy Skin Disease - virology; lumpy skin disease virus; Lumpy skin disease virus - classification; Lumpy skin disease virus - genetics; Lumpy skin disease virus - isolation & purification; Nucleotide sequencing; Phylogenetics; Phylogeny; Polymerase chain reaction; Prevention; Risk factors; RNA; RNA polymerase; Scientific equipment and supplies industry; Skin; Skin diseases; Vaccines; Viral diseases; Viruses; whole genome; Whole Genome Sequencing; Lesotho; United States; South Africa; Africa; United States > US; Europe; cattle; Lesotho; lumpy skin disease virus; whole genome
• ISSN: 1999-4915; 1999-4915
• DOI: 10.3390/v16050762

Lumpy skin disease is one of the fast-spreading viral diseases of cattle and buffalo that can potentially cause severe economic impact. Lesotho experienced LSD for the first time in 1947 and episodes of outbreaks occurred throughout the decades. In this study, eighteen specimens were collected from LSD-clinically diseased cattle between 2020 and 2022 from Mafeteng, Leribe, Maseru, Berea, and Mohales' Hoek districts of Lesotho. A total of 11 DNA samples were analyzed by PCR and sequencing of the extracellular enveloped virus (EEV) glycoprotein, G-protein-coupled chemokine receptor (GPCR), 30 kDa RNA polymerase subunit (RPO30), and B22R genes. All nucleotide sequences of the above-mentioned genes confirmed that the PCR amplicons of clinical samples are truly LSDV, as they were identical to respective LSDV isolates on the NCBI GenBank. Two of the elevem samples were further characterized by whole-genome sequencing. The analysis, based on both CaPV marker genes and complete genome sequences, revealed that the LSDV isolates from Lesotho cluster with the NW-like LSDVs, which includes the commonly circulating LSDV field isolates from Africa, the Middle East, the Balkans, Turkey, and Eastern Europe.