Craniofacial and dental dysmorphology in patients with median facial dysplasia: long-term follow-up

• Published in: International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery Vol. 40; no. 7; pp. 672 - 678
• Main Authors: Liao, Y.-F, Numhom, S, Lo, L.-J, Noordhoff, M.S
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.07.2011; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adolescent; Anatomic Landmarks - pathology; Anodontia - pathology; Biological and medical sciences; Case-Control Studies; Cephalometry - methods; Cleft Lip - complications; Cleft Lip - surgery; cleft lip and palate; Cleft Palate - complications; Cleft Palate - surgery; craniofacial morphology; dental anomaly; Dentistry; Facial Bones - abnormalities; Facial bones, jaws, teeth, parodontium: diseases, semeiology; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Incisor - abnormalities; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Mandible - pathology; Maxilla - pathology; median facial dysplasia; Medical sciences; Nasal Bone - abnormalities; Nasal Bone - pathology; Non tumoral diseases; Orbit - abnormalities; Orbit - pathology; Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology; Radiography, Panoramic; Retrospective Studies; Skull Base - abnormalities; Skull Base - pathology; Surgery; Tooth Abnormalities - pathology; Tooth Eruption, Ectopic - pathology; Tooth, Impacted - pathology; Young Adult; median facial dysplasia; cleft lip and palate; craniofacial morphology; dental anomaly; Human; Dysplasia; Cleft palate; Cleft lip; Stomatology; Congenital cleft; Congenital disease; Long term; Dysmorphism; Treatment; Malformation; Follow up study; Surgery; Morphology; Oral cavity disease; Anomaly; Craniofacial; Tooth; Face
• ISSN: 0901-5027; 1399-0020
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2011.02.021

Abstract Median facial dysplasia affects a subset of patients with cleft lip and palate exhibiting certain characteristics of median facial structure deficiencies without definable gross abnormalities of the brain. The aim of this study was to describe the craniofacial and dental morphology of almost skeletally mature patients with median facial dysplasia. Patients were selected for this retrospective study if they were diagnosed with median facial dysplasia and ≥15 years old. The craniofacial and dental morphology was evaluated by analysing cephalometric and panoramic radiographs. This sample of median facial dysplasia patients (9 males and 11 females; 6 unilateral and 14 bilateral clefts) had a mean age of 16.7 ± 1.9 years. Controls were age-, sex-, cleft type-matched, and nonsyndromic patients. The results showed that in patients with median facial dysplasia, the anterior cranial base and midface were shorter than in controls. The median facial dysplasia inter-orbital distance was shorter and the nasal bone was more retrusive than in controls. All patients with median facial dysplasia had several missing permanent teeth. These features require extensive surgical, orthodontic, and dental rehabilitation procedures.