Dextran sodium sulfate colitis murine model: An indispensable tool for advancing our understanding of inflammatory bowel diseases pathogenesis

• Published in: World journal of gastroenterology : WJG Vol. 23; no. 33; pp. 6016 - 6029
• Main Authors: Eichele, Derrick D, Kharbanda, Kusum K
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 07.09.2017
• Subjects: Animals; Colon - metabolism; Colon - pathology; Cytokines - metabolism; Dextran Sulfate - toxicity; Disease Models, Animal; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - immunology; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - chemically induced; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - drug therapy; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - etiology; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - pathology; Metabolome; Mice; Mucins - metabolism; Permeability; Probiotics - therapeutic use; Reproducibility of Results; Review; Time Factors; Inflammatory bowel disease; Experimental colitis; Intestinal barrier; Dextran sodium sulfate; Pathogenesis
• ISSN: 1007-9327; 2219-2840
• DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i33.6016

Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD),including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis,are complex diseases that result from the chronic dysregulated immune response in the gastrointestinal tract. The exact etiology is not fully understood,but it is accepted that it occurs when an inappropriate aggressive inflammatory respon-se in a genetically susceptible host due to inciting environmental factors occurs. To investigate the path-ogenesis and etiology of human IBD,various animal models of IBD have been developed that provided indispensable insights into the histopathological and morphological changes as well as factors associated with the pathogenesis of IBD and evaluation of therapeutic options in the last few decades. The most widely used experimental model employs dextran sodium sulfate(DSS) to induce epithelial damage. The DSS colitis model in IBD research has advantages over other various chemically induced experimental models due to its rapidity,simplicity,reproducibility and controllability. In this manuscript,we review the newer publicized advances of research in murine colitis models that focus upon the disruption of the barrier function of the intestine,effects of mucin on the development of colitis,alterations found in microbial balance and resultant changes in the metabolome specifically in the DSS colitis murine model and its relation to the pathogenesis of IBD.