Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction: A systematic review of aetiology and mechanisms

• Published in: World journal of gastroenterology : WJG Vol. 23; no. 30; pp. 5634 - 5644
• Main Authors: Wells, Cameron I, O'Grady, Gregory, Bissett, Ian P
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 14.08.2017
• Subjects: Acute Disease; Cesarean Section - adverse effects; Colon - innervation; Colon - physiopathology; Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction - epidemiology; Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction - etiology; Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction - metabolism; Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction - physiopathology; Female; Humans; Incidence; Risk Factors; Systematic Reviews; Virus Diseases - complications; Acute colonic pseudoobstruction; Pseudo-Obstruction; Colonic; Pseudo obstruction; Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction; Ogilvie’s syndrome; Intestinal
• ISSN: 1007-9327; 2219-2840; 2219-2840
• DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i30.5634

AIM To critically review the literature addressing the definition, epidemiology, aetiology and pathophysiology of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction(ACPO).METHODS A systematic search was performed to identify articles investigating the aetiology and pathophysiology of ACPO. A narrative synthesis of the evidence was undertaken. RESULTS No consistent approach to the definition or reporting of ACPO has been developed, which has led to overlapping investigation with other conditions. A vast array of risk factors has been identified, supporting a multifactorial aetiology. The pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear, but are likely related to altered autonomic regulation of colonic motility, in the setting of other predisposing factors. CONCLUSION Future research should aim to establish a clear and consistent definition of ACPO, and elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to altered colonic function. An improved understanding of the aetiology of ACPO may facilitate the development of targeted strategies for its prevention and treatment.