Glucose fatty acid interactions and the regulation of glucose disposal

Glucose is essential for the energy metabolism of some cells and conservation of glucose is obligatory for survival during starvation. The principal site of this glucose conservation is the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex, which is regulated by reversible phosphorylation (phosphor...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of cellular biochemistry Vol. 55 Suppl; p. 1
Main Authors Randle, P J, Priestman, D A, Mistry, S C, Halsall, A
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 1994
Subjects
Animals
Energy Metabolism
Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - metabolism
Glucose - metabolism
Homeostasis
Humans
Mammals
Mitochondria - metabolism
Models, Biological
Phosphorylation
Protein Kinases - metabolism
Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (Lipoamide)-Phosphatase - metabolism
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex - metabolism
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Summary:Glucose is essential for the energy metabolism of some cells and conservation of glucose is obligatory for survival during starvation. The principal site of this glucose conservation is the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex, which is regulated by reversible phosphorylation (phosphorylation is inactivating). In cells in which glucose oxidation is switched off during starvation, fatty acids are used as fuel, and acetyl CoA and NADH formed by beta-oxidation promote phosphorylation of PDH complex by activation of PDH kinase. A longer-term mechanism further increases PDH kinase activity in response to cAMP and products of beta-oxidation of fatty acids. Coordinated inhibition of glycolytic flux mediated by effects of citrate on PFK1 and PFK2 in muscles and liver results in an associated inhibition of glucose uptake. Similar mechanisms lead to impaired glucose oxidation in diabetes.
ISSN:0730-2312
DOI:10.1002/jcb.240550002