Vitamin D and skin cancer: A meta-analysis

• Published in: European journal of cancer (1990) Vol. 45; no. 4; pp. 634 - 641
• Main Authors: Gandini, Sara, Raimondi, Sara, Gnagnarella, Patrizia, Doré, Jean-Francois, Maisonneuve, Patrick, Testori, Alessandro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.03.2009; Elsevier
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Carcinoma, Basal Cell - genetics; Carcinoma, Basal Cell - prevention & control; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - genetics; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - prevention & control; Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific - genetics; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine; Humans; Medical sciences; Melanoma; Melanoma - genetics; Melanoma - prevention & control; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Polymorphism, Genetic; Receptors, Calcitriol - genetics; Risk Factors; Skin cancer; Skin Neoplasms - genetics; Skin Neoplasms - prevention & control; Tumors; Vitamin D; Vitamin D - administration & dosage; Vitamin D receptor; Vitamin D; Vitamin D receptor; Melanoma; Skin cancer; Skin disease; Malignant tumor; Metaanalysis; Retinol; Cancerology; Malignant melanoma; Skin; Cancer; Biological receptor
• ISSN: 0959-8049; 1879-0852
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.10.003

Abstract A comprehensive bibliographic search of the literature was conducted to identify studies on Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma (CMM) and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms, Vitamin D intake and 25(OH)D serum levels. Fully adjusted risk estimates were found and extracted for the two polymorphisms Fok I and Bsm I and Vitamin D intake. Ten studies were included in the meta-analysis, with a total of 6805 skin cancer cases. We found an association with CMM for both polymorphisms. The summary relative risks (SRR) for the studies on CMM were: 1.21 (1.03–1.42) and 1.21 (0.95–1.54) for the Ff and ff versus wild-type of Fok I, respectively. The SRR for ff versus wild-type became significant with the inclusion of NMSC. The SRR for the studies on CMM were: 0.78 (0.65–0.92) and 0.75 (0.59–0.95) for the Bb and BB versus wild-type of Bsm I, respectively. There is also a slight indication of a role of dietary Vitamin D in CMM development. In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggests a possible significant role of VDR Fok I and Bsm I polymorphism in CMM and NMSC risk. The association with Vitamin D intake is less clear and further studies could be useful to clarify the role of diet.