Comparative Selectivity of Herbicides Used in Wheat Crop on the Predators Chrysoperla externa and Eriopis connexa

• Published in: Advances in Weed Science Vol. 36
• Main Authors: PASINI, R.A., PAZINI, J.B., GRÜTZMACHER, A.D., RAKES, M., ARMAS, F.S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Portuguese
• Published: Jaboticabal Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas, UFV - Depto de Fitotecnia 01.01.2018; Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas
• Subjects: 2,4-D; Agricultural practices; Ammonium; Bentazon; Bioassays; biological control; Cereal crops; chemical control; Chemical pest control; Chrysoperla externa; Crops; Eggs; Elgiva connexa; Glufosinate; Glyphosate; Hatching; Herbicides; Insects; Integrated pest management; Larvae; Pest control; Pesticides; PLANT SCIENCES; Predators; Pupae; Selectivity; Triticum aestivum; Wheat; controle biológico; pesticides; controle químico; biological control; agrotóxicos; chemical control; Triticum aestivum
• ISSN: 0100-8358; 1806-9681; 1806-9681; 2675-9462
• DOI: 10.1590/s0100-83582018360100135

The selectivity of eight herbicides registered for use in the wheat crop was assessed on the predators Chrysoperla externa and Eriopis connexa. Bioassays were conducted in the laboratory by exposing larvae, eggs, and pupae of these predators to dry residues of the herbicides 2,4-D amine, bentazon, glyphosate 1.200, glyphosate 1.440, ammonium glufosinate, iodosulfuron-methyl, metsulfuron-methyl, and pyrimidinedione. The herbicide ammonium glufosinate was classified as moderately harmful (class 3) to the larval stage of both predators. In the egg stage, only metsulfuron-methyl showed a reduction in larval hatching higher than 30% and was classified as slightly harmful (class 2) to eggs of E. connexa. The herbicide 2,4-D amine was classified as slightly harmful (class 2) to pupae of C. externa, while pyrimidinedione presented the same classification to pupae of E. connexa. The herbicides bentazon, glyphosate 1.200, glyphosate 1.440, and iodosulfuron-methyl were considered as innocuous to the stages of larva, egg, and pupa of C. externa and E. connexa and can be used in the integrated pest management of wheat crop, assisting in predator conservation. RESUMO: Avaliou-se a seletividade de oito herbicidas registrados para uso na cultura do trigo sobre os predadores Chrysoperla externa e Eriopis connexa. Os bioensaios foram conduzidos em laboratório, expondo-se larvas, ovos e pupas dos referidos predadores aos resíduos secos dos herbicidas 2,4-D amina, bentazon, glyphosate 1,200, glyphosate 1,440, glufosinato de amônio, iodosulfuron-metil, metsulfuron-metil e pirimidinadiona. O herbicida glufosinato de amônio foi classificado como moderadamente nocivo (classe 3) à fase larval de ambos os predadores. Na fase de ovo, somente metsulfuron-metil apresentou redução na eclosão das larvas superior a 30% e foi classificado como levemente nocivo (classe 2) aos ovos de E. connexa. O herbicida 2,4-D amina foi classificado como levemente nocivo (classe 2) a pupas de C. externa, e pirimidinadiona apresentou a mesma classificação a pupas de E. connexa. Os herbicidas bentazon, glyphosate 1,200, glyphosate 1,440 e iodosulfuron-metil foram considerados inócuos às fases de larva, ovo e pupa de C. externa e E. connexa e podem ser utilizados no Manejo Integrado de Pragas da cultura, auxiliando na conservação dos predadores.