Multidrug Resistance in Cancer: Understanding Molecular Mechanisms, Immunoprevention and Therapeutic Approaches

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Several treatments are available for cancer treatment, but many treatment methods are ineffective against multidrug-resistant cancer. Multidrug resistance (MDR) represents a major obstacle to effective therapeutic interventions against cancer....

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Published inFrontiers in oncology Vol. 12; p. 891652
Main Authors Emran, Talha Bin, Shahriar, Asif, Mahmud, Aar Rafi, Rahman, Tanjilur, Abir, Mehedy Hasan, Siddiquee, Mohd. Faijanur - Rob, Ahmed, Hossain, Rahman, Nova, Nainu, Firzan, Wahyudin, Elly, Mitra, Saikat, Dhama, Kuldeep, Habiballah, Mahmoud M., Haque, Shafiul, Islam, Ariful, Hassan, Mohammad Mahmudul
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Frontiers Media S.A 23.06.2022
Subjects
cancer
immuno-prevention
intracellular and extracellular ATP
microRNA
multidrug resistance
Oncology
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Summary:Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Several treatments are available for cancer treatment, but many treatment methods are ineffective against multidrug-resistant cancer. Multidrug resistance (MDR) represents a major obstacle to effective therapeutic interventions against cancer. This review describes the known MDR mechanisms in cancer cells and discusses ongoing laboratory approaches and novel therapeutic strategies that aim to inhibit, circumvent, or reverse MDR development in various cancer types. In this review, we discuss both intrinsic and acquired drug resistance, in addition to highlighting hypoxia- and autophagy-mediated drug resistance mechanisms. Several factors, including individual genetic differences, such as mutations, altered epigenetics, enhanced drug efflux, cell death inhibition, and various other molecular and cellular mechanisms, are responsible for the development of resistance against anticancer agents. Drug resistance can also depend on cellular autophagic and hypoxic status. The expression of drug-resistant genes and the regulatory mechanisms that determine drug resistance are also discussed. Methods to circumvent MDR, including immunoprevention, the use of microparticles and nanomedicine might result in better strategies for fighting cancer.
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This article was submitted to Pharmacology of Anti-Cancer Drugs, a section of the journal Frontiers in Oncology
Reviewed by: Hodaka Fujii, Hirosaki University, Japan; Ki Hyun Nam, Pohang University of Science and Technology, South Korea; Ana Podolski-Renic, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković” – National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Serbia
Edited by: Milica Pešić, University of Belgrade, Serbia
ISSN:2234-943X
2234-943X
DOI:10.3389/fonc.2022.891652