Genetic Aspects of Preeclampsia: The Role of Polymorphisms in the Genes of the Renin–Angiotensin System

• Published in: Biochemistry (Moscow) Vol. 84; no. 2; pp. 181 - 186
• Main Authors: Timokhina, E. V., Strizhakov, A. N., Ignatko, I. V., Belousova, V. S., Ibragimova, S. M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Moscow Pleiades Publishing 01.02.2019; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: ACE protein; Age; Angiotensin; Angiotensin II; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Bioorganic Chemistry; Data processing; Gene polymorphism; Genetic aspects; Genetic polymorphisms; Health risk assessment; Life Sciences; Microbiology; Morbidity; Observations; Patients; Peptidyl-dipeptidase A; Polymorphism; Pre-eclampsia; Preeclampsia; Pregnancy; Renin; Renin-angiotensin system; Subgroups; Russia; I/D polymorphism; angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene polymorphism; A1166C; early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia; angiotensin-converting enzyme
• ISSN: 0006-2979; 1608-3040
• DOI: 10.1134/S0006297919020093

Preeclampsia (PE) is a severe complication that develops in 10% pregnant women. It is the leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The goal of this study was to reveal the frequency of polymorphisms in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene ( ACE I/D) and type 1 angiotensin II receptor gene ( AGTR1 A1166C) in pregnant women with severe early-and late-onset PE. A retrospective case–control study of 55 pregnant women with PE (main group) and 30 patients with uncomplicated pregnancy (control group) was conducted. In the main group, we considered two subgroups–early-onset PE (20 patients) and late-onset PE (36 patients). The I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene is associated with the risk of developing PE. The presence of the D allele increases the risk of severe PE. In case of DD genotype, the probability of early-onset PE is 5 times higher than that of the late-onset PE. The analyzed data confirm the involvement of renin–angiotensin system in the PE development. We conclude that the ACE gene polymorphism is a genetic predictor of the early-onset severe PE. Studying the polymorphic loci of the ACE gene makes it possible to use them for the individualized prognosis of the development and course of PE in patients.