Y-chromosome polymorphisms of the domestic Bactrian camel in China

• Published in: Journal of genetics Vol. 97; no. 1; pp. 3 - 10
• Main Authors: Chen, Huiling, Ren, Zhanjun, Zhao, Jiping, Zhang, Chengdong, Yang, Xuejiao
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New Delhi Springer India 01.03.2018; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Alleles; Animal Genetics and Genomics; Animals; Animals, Domestic - genetics; Base Sequence; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Camelidae; Camelus - genetics; Camelus bactrianus; Cattle; China; Chromosomes; Copy number; DNA Copy Number Variations - genetics; DNA sequencing; Evolutionary Biology; Gene frequency; Gene Frequency - genetics; Genes, sry; Genetic aspects; Genetic research; Geography; Heat Shock Transcription Factors - genetics; Life Sciences; Microbial Genetics and Genomics; Microsatellite Repeats - genetics; Microsatellites; Nucleotide sequencing; Phylogeny; Plant Genetics and Genomics; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide - genetics; Population genetics; Research Article; Single nucleotide polymorphisms; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Y Chromosome - genetics; Y Chromosomes; China; microsatellite; Bactrian camel; copy number variation; single-nucleotide polymorphisms; Y chromosome
• ISSN: 0022-1333; 0973-7731
• DOI: 10.1007/s12041-017-0852-1

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), microsatellites and copy number variation (CNV) were studied on the Y chromosome to understand the paternal origin and phylogenetic relationships for resource protection, rational development and utilization of the domestic Bactrian camel in China. Our sample set consisted of 94 Chinese domestic Bactrian camels from four regions (Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang), we screened 29 Y-chromosome-specific loci for SNPs, analysed 40 bovine-derived microsatellite loci and measured CNVs of HSFY and SRY through Sanger sequencing, automated fluorescence-based microsatellite analysis and quantitative real-time PCR, respectively. A multicopy gene, SRY , was first found, and sequence variation was only detected in SRY in a screen of 29 loci in 13 DNA pools of individual camels. In addition, a TG repeat in the USP9Y gene was identified as the first polymorphic microsatellite in the camel Y chromosome, whereas microsatellite based on bovine sequences were not detected. The frequency of each allele varied among different populations. For the Nanjiang, Hexi and Alashan populations, a 243-bp allele was found. For the Sunite population, 241-bp, 243-bp and 247-bp alleles were detected, and the frequencies of these alleles were 22.2 % , 44.5 % and 33.3 % , respectively; 241-bp and 243-bp alleles were found in other populations. Finally, CNVs in two Y-chromosomal genes were detected; CNV for HSFY and SRY ranged from 1 to 3 and from 1 to 9, respectively.