Dietary Red Meat Adversely Affects Disease Severity in a Pig Model of DSS-Induced Colitis Despite Reduction in Colonic Pro-Inflammatory Gene Expression

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 12; no. 6; p. 1728
• Main Authors: Nielsen, Tina S, Fredborg, Marlene, Theil, Peter K, Yue, Yuan, Bruhn, Lærke V, Andersen, Vibeke, Purup, Stig
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 09.06.2020; MDPI
• Subjects: Animals; Antibiotics; Body Weight; Cattle; Chemokines; Colitis - chemically induced; Colitis - pathology; Colitis - physiopathology; Colon; Colon - metabolism; Colon - pathology; Cytokines; Dextran; Dextran sulfate; Dextran Sulfate - pharmacology; dextran sulfate sodium; Diet; Diet - adverse effects; Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Eating; Epidemiology; Fasting; Feces; Feeds; Gene expression; Gene Expression - physiology; histology; Hogs; inflammation; Inflammation - genetics; Inflammation - pathology; Inflammatory bowel disease; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Interleukin 6; Interleukin 8; Intestinal Mucosa - immunology; Intestine; Laboratory animals; Male; Meat; Mucosa; Pathogenesis; Permeability; porcine; Red Meat - adverse effects; Risk analysis; Risk Factors; Small intestine; Sus scrofa; Ulcerative colitis; Denmark; histology; inflammation; dextran sulfate sodium; porcine; diet; gene expression; inflammatory bowel disease
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu12061728

Diet plays a substantial role in the pathogenesis and management of ulcerative colitis (UC), and epidemiologic studies indicate an association between red meat intake and increased risk of UC development. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of a red meat diet on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in pigs. Weaned pigs (42 days old) were fed either a control diet or a diet substituted with 15% minced, cooked and dried beef from experimental day 0 to 14. From day 14 to 18, half of the pigs on each diet received a daily oral dose of DSS. Dietary red meat aggravated the severity of colitis based on clinical signs of disease (negative performance score) and histopathological parameters in the colon such as erosion/ulceration and the overall inflammation score but no negative effects were observed on systemic health or small intestinal permeability. Importantly, dietary meat also caused a potential beneficial reduction in the colonic expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-17A and IL-6, the pro-inflammatory enzyme PTGS2 and in the chemokine IL-8. The present study emphasizes the potential of diet to modulate mucosal inflammation and that a red meat diet might be a risk factor for the development of inflammatory bowel disease.