CircRNA Is a Rising Star in Researches of Ocular Diseases

A newly rediscovered subclass of noncoding RNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs), is produced by a back-splicing mechanism with a covalently closed loop structure. They not only serve as the sponge for microRNAs (miRNAs) and proteins but also regulate gene expression and epigenetic modification, translate...

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Published inFrontiers in cell and developmental biology Vol. 8; p. 850
Main Authors Zhang, Chengshou, Hu, Jianghua, Yu, Yibo
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Frontiers Media S.A 03.09.2020
Subjects
Cell and Developmental Biology
circular RNA
microRNA sponge
noncoding RNA
ocular diseases
ophthalmology
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Summary:A newly rediscovered subclass of noncoding RNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs), is produced by a back-splicing mechanism with a covalently closed loop structure. They not only serve as the sponge for microRNAs (miRNAs) and proteins but also regulate gene expression and epigenetic modification, translate into peptides, and generate pseudogenes. Dysregulation of circRNA expression has opened a new chapter in the etiology of various human disorders, including cancer and cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and ocular diseases. Recent studies recognized the vital roles that circRNAs played in the pathogenesis of various eye diseases, highlighting circRNAs as promising biomarkers for diagnosis and assessment of progression and prognosis. Interventions targeting circRNAs provide insights for developing novel treatments for these ocular diseases. This review summarizes our current perception of the properties, biogenesis, and functions of circRNAs and the development of circRNA researches related to ophthalmologic diseases, including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinopathy of prematurity, glaucoma, corneal neovascularization, cataract, pterygium, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, retinoblastoma, and ocular melanoma.
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Reviewed by: Ye Sun, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States; Ross F. Collery, Medical College of Wisconsin, United States
This article was submitted to Molecular Medicine, a section of the journal Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
Edited by: Rachida Bouhenni, Akron Children’s Hospital, United States
ISSN:2296-634X
2296-634X
DOI:10.3389/fcell.2020.00850