MIND Diet Impact on Multiple Sclerosis Patients: Biochemical Changes after Nutritional Intervention

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 25; no. 18; p. 10009
• Main Authors: Navarrete-Pérez, Ainoa, Gómez-Melero, Sara, Escribano, Begoña Mª, Galvao-Carmona, Alejandro, Conde-Gavilán, Cristina, Peña-Toledo, Mª Ángeles, Villarrubia, Noelia, Villar, Luisa Mª, Túnez, Isaac, Agüera-Morales, Eduardo, Caballero-Villarraso, Javier
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 17.09.2024; MDPI
• Subjects: Adult; Anti-inflammatory diet; Antioxidants; Biomarkers; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor - blood; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor - metabolism; Case-Control Studies; Cognitive ability; DASH diet; Development and progression; Diet; Diet therapy; Disease; Exercise; Fatigue; Female; Glutathione - blood; Health aspects; Humans; Kinases; Male; Middle Aged; Multiple sclerosis; Multiple Sclerosis - blood; Multiple Sclerosis - diet therapy; Neurodegeneration; Oxidative Stress; Physical fitness; Physiological aspects; Quality of life; T cells; Spain; fatigue; multiple sclerosis; neurofilaments; neurotrophic factors; serum biomarkers; quality of life; lifestyles; MIND diet; oxidative stress; dietary intervention
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms251810009

There is substantial evidence supporting the neuroprotective effects of the MIND diet in neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of a nutritional intervention (NI) with this diet on multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The study was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, two groups were included: MS patients before the NI (group A) and healthy control subjects (group B). In this stage, groups (A) and (B) were compared (case–control study). In the second stage, group (A) was assessed after the NI, with comparisons made between baseline and final measurements (before-and-after study). In the case–control stage (baseline evaluation), we found significant differences in fatigue scores (p < 0.001), adherence to the MIND diet (p < 0.001), the serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (p < 0.001), and higher oxidative status in the MS group, with lower levels of reduced glutathione (p < 0.001), reduced/oxidised glutathione ratio (p < 0.001), and elevated levels of lipoperoxidation (p < 0.002) and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (p < 0.025). The before-and-after intervention stage showed improvements in fatigue scores (p < 0.001) and physical quality-of-life scores (MSQOL-54) (p < 0.022), along with decreases in the serum levels of glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) (p < 0.041), lipoperoxidation (p < 0.046), and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (p < 0.05). Consumption of the MIND diet is linked to clinical and biochemical improvement in MS patients.