Rational Construction of 3D‐Networked Carbon Nanowalls/Diamond Supporting CuO Architecture for High‐Performance Electrochemical Biosensors

• Published in: Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) Vol. 15; no. 48; pp. e1901527 - n/a
• Main Authors: Zhai, Zhaofeng, Leng, Bing, Yang, Nianjun, Yang, Bing, Liu, Lusheng, Huang, Nan, Jiang, Xin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.11.2019
• Subjects: Architecture; Biosensors; Carbon; carbon nanowalls; Charge transport; CuO; diamond; Diamonds; Electrical conduction; Electrode materials; Electrodes; Glucose; glucose detection; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; nonenzymatic electrochemical biosensors; Reaction kinetics; Selectivity; Structural stability; Synergistic effect; diamond; CuO; carbon nanowalls; glucose detection; nonenzymatic electrochemical biosensors
• ISSN: 1613-6810; 1613-6829
• DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901527

Tremendous demands for highly sensitive and selective nonenzymatic electrochemical biosensors have motivated intensive research on advanced electrode materials with high electrocatalytic activity. Herein, the 3D‐networked CuO@carbon nanowalls/diamond (C/D) architecture is rationally designed, and it demonstrates wide linear range (0.5 × 10−6–4 × 10−3 m), high sensitivity (1650 µA cm−2 mm−1), and low detection limit (0.5 × 10−6 m), together with high selectivity, great long‐term stability, and good reproducibility in glucose determination. The outstanding performance of the CuO@C/D electrode can be ascribed to the synergistic effect coming from high‐electrocatalytic‐activity CuO nanoparticles and 3D‐networked conductive C/D film. The C/D film is composed of carbon nanowalls and diamond nanoplatelets; and owing to the large surface area, accessible open surfaces, and high electrical conduction, it works as an excellent transducer, greatly accelerating the mass‐ and charge‐transport kinetics of electrocatalytic reaction on the CuO biorecognition element. Besides, the vertical aligned diamond nanoplatelet scaffolds could improve structural and mechanical stability of the designed electrode in long‐term performance. The excellent CuO@C/D electrode promises potential application in practical glucose detection, and the strategy proposed here can also be extended to construct other biorecognition elements on the 3D‐networked conductive C/D transducer for various high‐performance nonenzymatic electrochemical biosensors. The 3D‐networked CuO@carbon nanowalls/diamond (C/D) architecture is rationally designed, and it demonstrates excellent performance in the electrochemical biosensing of glucose, due to the synergistic effect coming from high‐electrocatalytic‐activity CuO and the C/D transducer with large surface area, accessible open surfaces, and high electrical conduction. Besides, the robust diamond nanoplatelet scaffolds improve structural stability of the designed electrode.