Ballistocardiogram: Mechanism and Potential for Unobtrusive Cardiovascular Health Monitoring

For more than a century, it has been known that the body recoils each time the heart ejects blood into the arteries. These subtle cardiogenic body movements have been measured with increasingly convenient ballistocardiography (BCG) instruments over the years. A typical BCG measurement shows several...

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Published inScientific reports Vol. 6; no. 1; p. 31297
Main Authors Kim, Chang-Sei, Ober, Stephanie L., McMurtry, M. Sean, Finegan, Barry A., Inan, Omer T., Mukkamala, Ramakrishna, Hahn, Jin-Oh
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 09.08.2016
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects
631/443/1338
631/443/592
Aged
Aorta
Aorta - physiology
Aorta - physiopathology
Arteries
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine
Ballistocardiography - instrumentation
Ballistocardiography - methods
BCG
Blood Pressure
Cardiovascular System
Computer engineering
Coronary vessels
Electrocardiography - instrumentation
Electrocardiography - methods
Female
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Male
Mathematical models
Middle Aged
Models, Theoretical
Monitoring, Physiologic - instrumentation
Monitoring, Physiologic - methods
Movement
multidisciplinary
Patients
Reproducibility of Results
Science
Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
Stroke
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Summary:For more than a century, it has been known that the body recoils each time the heart ejects blood into the arteries. These subtle cardiogenic body movements have been measured with increasingly convenient ballistocardiography (BCG) instruments over the years. A typical BCG measurement shows several waves, most notably the “I”, “J” and “K” waves. However, the mechanism for the genesis of these waves has remained elusive. We formulated a simple mathematical model of the BCG waveform. We showed that the model could predict the BCG waves as well as physiologic timings and amplitudes of the major waves. The validated model reveals that the principal mechanism for the genesis of the BCG waves is blood pressure gradients in the ascending and descending aorta. This new mechanistic insight may be exploited to allow BCG to realize its potential for unobtrusive monitoring and diagnosis of cardiovascular health and disease.
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ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/srep31297