Novel Isoforms of N16 and N19 Families Implicated for the Nacreous Layer Formation in the Pearl Oyster Pinctada fucata

• Published in: Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 20; no. 2; pp. 155 - 167
• Main Authors: Ohmori, Fumito, Kinoshita, Shigeharu, Funabara, Daisuke, Koyama, Hiroki, Nagai, Kiyohito, Maeyama, Kaoru, Okamoto, Kikuhiko, Asakawa, Shuichi, Watabe, Shugo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.04.2018; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adductor muscle; Amino Acid Sequence; Animal Shells - chemistry; Animals; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Complementary DNA; DNA; Engineering; Expressed Sequence Tags; Freshwater & Marine Ecology; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene sequencing; Genes; Gonads; In Situ Hybridization; Isoforms; Life Sciences; Mantle; Marine molluscs; Microbiology; Mollusks; Muscles; Nacre - genetics; Nacre - metabolism; Nucleotide sequence; Original Article; PCR; Pearl oysters; Pinctada - genetics; Pinctada - metabolism; Pinctada fucata; Polymerase chain reaction; Protein Isoforms - genetics; Proteins; Reverse transcription; RNA Interference; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Shells; Tissue; Tissue Distribution; Transcription; Zoology; Pearl oyster; Nacreous layer; RNAi; Pearl sac; Tissue distribution; Mantle; Pinctada fucata
• ISSN: 1436-2228; 1436-2236
• DOI: 10.1007/s10126-017-9793-1

Although a wide variety of proteins and genes possibly related to the shell formation in bivalve have been identified, their functions have been only partially approved. We have recently performed deep sequencing of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata using a next-generation sequencer, identifying a dozen of novel gene candidates which are possibly associated with the nacreous layer formation. Among the ESTs, we focused on three novel isoforms ( N16-6 , N16-7 , and N19-2 ) of N16 and N19 families with reference to five known genes in the families and determined the full-length cDNA sequences of these isoforms. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed that N16-6 was expressed in gill, gonad, adductor muscle, and mantle, whereas N16-7 exclusively in mantle. N19-2 was expressed in all tissues examined. In situ hybridization demonstrated their regional expression in mantle and pearl sac, which well corresponded to those shown by EST analysis previously reported. Shells in the pearl oyster injected with dsRNAs of N16-7 and N19-2 showed abnormal surface appearance in the nacreous layer. Taken together, novel isoforms in N16 and N19 families shown in this study are essential to form the nacreous layer.