Toxicological potential of penconazole on early embryogenesis of white mice Mus musculus in either pre- or post-implantation exposure

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international Vol. 27; no. 9; pp. 9943 - 9956
• Main Authors: El-Shershaby, Abd El-Fattah M., Lashein, Fakhr El-Din M., Seleem, Amin A., Ahmed, Abeer A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.03.2020; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Animals; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Caspase-10; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Embryogenesis; Embryonic growth stage; Embryos; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Environmental science; Experiments; Female; Females; Fungicides; Fungicides, Industrial; Gestation; Histology; Hsp70 protein; Immunohistochemistry; Implantation; Mice; Penconazole; Physical growth; Pregnancy; Research Article; Triazoles; Uterus; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control; Penconazole; Embryotoxicity; Mice; Post-implantation; Fungicide; Pre-implantation
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07637-3

The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the effect of penconazole (PEN) fungicide on early embryogenesis of white mice. In the first experiment, 48 pregnant females were divided into different groups; the first group is control (G1). The second group (G2) was treated daily with PEN (30-, 20-, 10-, 5-mg/kg BW). The third group (G3) was treated with PEN (5-mg/kg BW; day after the other day). The fourth group (G4) was treated with PEN (2.5-mg/kg BW daily) during pre-implantation stage (from the 1st to the 4th day of gestation). The fifth group (G5) was treated with PEN (2.5-mg/kg BW daily) during post-implantation (from the 5th to the 8th day of gestation). The pregnant females were sacrificed at the 14th day of gestation. In the second experiment, 63 pregnant females were classified into control, PEN-treated during pre-implantation period (2.5-mg/kg BW), and PEN-administered during post-implantation period (2.5-mg/kg BW). Each group was sacrificed at stages E6.5, E7.5, E8.5, E9.5, E11.5, E14.5, and E18.5. The high doses of PEN in the first experiment showed failed pregnancy, foetoresorption, and embryo disorganization. High doses of PEN induce alterations in the uterus tissue at the level of histology and immunohistochemistry for the expression of TGFβ2, TNFR2, Caspase 10, and HSP70. The low doses of PEN in the second experiment showed upregulated expression of TGFβ2, TNFR2, Caspase 10, and HSP70 at stages E6.5 and E7.5. In conclusion, PEN was found to alter the suitable uterine environment for proper implantation and development at the levels of histological and immunohistochemical that could create a risk during the full course of embryogenesis.