Development and characterization of a green procedure for apigenin extraction from Scutellaria barbata D. Don

• Published in: Food chemistry Vol. 252; pp. 381 - 389
• Main Authors: Yang, Yu-Chiao, Wei, Ming-Chi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 30.06.2018
• Subjects: Apigenin; Apigenin - analysis; Apigenin - isolation & purification; carbon dioxide; Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid - methods; Eyring transition state theory; Green alternative procedure; Green Chemistry Technology - methods; Kinetics; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Extracts - isolation & purification; Scutellaria - chemistry; Scutellaria barbata; Scutellaria barbata D. Don; Second-order kinetic model; Solubility; Supercritical CO2 extraction; supercritical fluid extraction; Theoretical solubility; ultrasonic treatment; Ultrasound-assisted extraction; Scutellaria barbata D. Don; Supercritical CO2 extraction; Apigenin; Eyring transition state theory; Green alternative procedure; Ultrasound-assisted extraction; Second-order kinetic model; Theoretical solubility; Supercritical CO extraction
• ISSN: 0308-8146; 1873-7072; 1873-7072
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.12.086

•Apigenin is a main bioactive flavonoid in Scutellaria barbata D. Don.•The USC-CO2 procedure was superior to the other extraction techniques due to its higher yield and efficiency.•Theoretical solubility of apigenin was accurately fitted using three density-based models.•A second-order kinetics model accurately fit the USC-CO2 processing.•Enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy of activation for apigenin were estimated. This study compared the use of ultrasound-assisted supercritical CO2 (USC-CO2) extraction to obtain apigenin-rich extracts from Scutellaria barbata D. Don with that of conventional supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) extraction and heat-reflux extraction (HRE), conducted in parallel. This green procedure yielded 20.1% and 31.6% more apigenin than conventional SC-CO2 extraction and HRE, respectively. Moreover, the extraction time required by the USC-CO2 procedure, which used milder conditions, was approximately 1.9 times and 2.4 times shorter than that required by conventional SC-CO2 extraction and HRE, respectively. Furthermore, the theoretical solubility of apigenin in the supercritical fluid system was obtained from the USC-CO2 dynamic extraction curves and was in good agreement with the calculated values for the three empirical density-based models. The second-order kinetics model was further applied to evaluate the kinetics of USC-CO2 extraction. The results demonstrated that the selected model allowed the evaluation of the extraction rate and extent of USC-CO2 extraction.