D-Galactose as an autoinducer 2 inhibitor to control the biofilm formation of periodontopathogens

Autoinducer 2 (AI-2) is a quorum sensing molecule to which bacteria respond to regulate various phenotypes, including virulence and biofilm formation. AI-2 plays an important role in the formation of a subgingival biofilm composed mostly of Gram-negative anaerobes, by which periodontitis is initiate...

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Published inThe journal of microbiology Vol. 54; no. 9; pp. 632 - 637
Main Authors Ryu, Eun-Ju, Sim, Jaehyun, Sim, Jun, Lee, Julian, Choi, Bong-Kyu
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Seoul The Microbiological Society of Korea 01.09.2016
Springer Nature B.V
한국미생물학회
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Summary:Autoinducer 2 (AI-2) is a quorum sensing molecule to which bacteria respond to regulate various phenotypes, including virulence and biofilm formation. AI-2 plays an important role in the formation of a subgingival biofilm composed mostly of Gram-negative anaerobes, by which periodontitis is initiated. The aim of this study was to evaluate D-galactose as an inhibitor of AI-2 activity and thus of the biofilm formation of periodontopathogens. In a search for an AI-2 receptor of Fusobacterium nucleatum , D-galactose binding protein (Gbp, Gene ID FN1165) showed high sequence similarity with the ribose binding protein (RbsB), a known AI-2 receptor of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans . D-Galactose was evaluated for its inhibitory effect on the AI-2 activity of Vibrio harveyi BB152 and F. nucleatum , the major coaggregation bridge organism, which connects early colonizing commensals and late pathogenic colonizers in dental biofilms. The inhibitory effect of D-galactose on the biofilm formation of periodontopathogens was assessed by crystal violet staining and confocal laser scanning microscopy in the absence or presence of AI-2 and secreted molecules of F. nucleatum . D-Galactose significantly inhibited the AI-2 activity of V. harveyi and F. nucleatum . In addition, D-galactose markedly inhibited the biofilm formation of F. nucleatum , Porphyromonas gingivalis , and Tannerella forsythia induced by the AI-2 of F. nucleatum without affecting bacterial growth. Our results demonstrate that the Gbp may function as an AI-2 receptor and that galactose may be used for prevention of the biofilm formation of periodontopathogens by targeting AI-2 activity.
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G704-000121.2016.54.9.004
ISSN:1225-8873
1976-3794
DOI:10.1007/s12275-016-6345-8