What do medical students learn from dissection?

• Published in: Anatomical sciences education Vol. 11; no. 4; pp. 325 - 335
• Main Authors: Flack, Natasha A.M.S., Nicholson, Helen D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley-Blackwell 01.07.2018; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Anatomy; Anatomy - education; Cadaver; cadaver dissection; Cohort Studies; Coping; Curriculum; Death; death and dying; Dissection; Dissection - economics; Dissection - education; Education, Medical, Undergraduate - methods; Educational Measurement; Female; Foreign Countries; gross anatomy education; Human Body; Humans; Laboratory Procedures; Learning; Male; Medical Education; Medical residencies; Medical Students; Musculoskeletal System - anatomy & histology; Online Surveys; Professional Development; Questionnaires; Schools, Medical - economics; Schools, Medical - organization & administration; Student Attitudes; student perceptions; Student Surveys; Students; Students, Medical - psychology; Students, Medical - statistics & numerical data; Surveys and Questionnaires; Teaching Methods; Teamwork; undergraduate education; Young Adult; New Zealand; cadaver dissection; medical education; teamwork; gross anatomy education; student perceptions; undergraduate education; death and dying; professional development
• ISSN: 1935-9772; 1935-9780
• DOI: 10.1002/ase.1758

Dissection has long been the accepted method for teaching anatomy to medical students. More recently, some educators have suggested that easier, cheaper, alternative methods are just as effective. But what do the students think? This paper aimed to identify what undergraduate medical students learn, how they cope, and what effects participating in dissection has on them as individuals. A cohort of 267 second year medical students at Otago Medical School were invited to complete three online surveys; before their first dissection laboratory class, after their first musculoskeletal system dissection and following the last semester of studying anatomy. Open‐ended questions showcasing the attitudes, beliefs, and opinions on what dissection had taught the medical students over years two and three were analyzed. A general inductive approach was used and common emergent themes were identified. In total, 194 students completed the second, and 108 students completed the third questionnaire. Students commonly conveyed dissection as an appropriate and valuable educational tool, useful for teaching and learning anatomical knowledge and relationships, appreciating the body in three‐dimension, teamwork, and how to cope with death/dead bodies. The noted effects of personal growth while participating in dissection were highly varied, but in general, impacted positively on the majority of students. This study shows that at Otago Medical School the students also believe that dissection is not only a useful tool to learn anatomy but also that it fosters teamwork, assists professional development and helps them come to terms with death and dying. Anat Sci Educ 11: 325–335. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists.