Gene Flow between Gossypium hirsutum L. and Gossypium barbadense L. is Asymmetric

As both Pima cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) and Acala (Upland; G. hirsutum L.) are grown in the southwestern United States, understanding gene flow within and among these species is important to maintain genetic purity. In small scale and commercial fields, gene flow decreased exponentially from 1...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inCrop science Vol. 51; no. 1; pp. 298 - 305
Main Authors Van Deynze, Allen E, Hutmacher, Robert B, Bradford, Kent J
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Madison, WI The Crop Science Society of America, Inc 2011
Crop Science Society of America
American Society of Agronomy
Subjects
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
asymmetrical gene flow
Bees
Biological and medical sciences
Classical and quantitative genetics. Population genetics. Molecular genetics
Cotton
cultivars
fertilization (reproduction)
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
gene flow
Generalities. Genetics. Plant material
Genetics and breeding of economic plants
Gossypium barbadense
Gossypium hirsutum
Herbicides
history
interspecific hybridization
Marketing
outcrossing
pollination
Population genetics
Seeds
sexual reproduction
spatial distribution
Studies
United States > US
Malvaceae
Gene flow
Gossypium barbadense
Dicotyledones
Angiospermae
Spermatophyta
Gossypium hirsutum
Fiber crop
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Summary:As both Pima cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) and Acala (Upland; G. hirsutum L.) are grown in the southwestern United States, understanding gene flow within and among these species is important to maintain genetic purity. In small scale and commercial fields, gene flow decreased exponentially from 1.44% at 1 m to less than 0.50% at 10 m in Acala cotton. Corresponding values for Pima cotton were 0.19% at 3 m and 0% at 10 m or beyond. When interspecies outcrossing occurred, Pima cotton was preferentially pollinated by Acala cotton. Gene flow was nondetectable in 7.5 m borders. Asymmetric pollination between Acala and Pima cotton was also observed in samples collected in borders located 6 m from the pollen source with no detectable gene flow beyond 7.5 m. At a given distance, in commercial scale Pima fields, gene flow was tenfold less than reported in Acala fields with gene flow not exceeding 0.43% beyond 10 m. No gene flow was detected beyond 800 m (0.5 mile). This study indicates that isolation distances can be shorter in Pima cotton than in Acala cotton to maintain the same level of genetic purity. Comparison with historical evidence suggests that there has been a shift in the relative gene flow among species in modern cultivars of Pima cotton.
Bibliography:http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2010.04.0213
All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permission for printing and for reprinting the material contained herein has been obtained by the publisher.
This research was funded by a grant from the California Crop Improvement Association and by Cotton Incorporated, 6399 Weston Parkway, Cary, North Carolina 27513
ISSN:0011-183X
1435-0653
DOI:10.2135/cropsci2010.04.0213