A high carbohydrate-fat free diet alters the proportion of heparin-bound VLDL in plasma and the expression of VLDL-ApoB-100 epitopes

• Published in: Metabolism, clinical and experimental Vol. 39; no. 3; p. 281
• Main Authors: Keidar, S. (Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO), Goldberg, A.C, Cook, K, Bateman, J, Schonfeld, G
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.03.1990
• Subjects: Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Apolipoprotein B-100; Apolipoproteins B - blood; Apolipoproteins B - isolation & purification; Apolipoproteins C - blood; Apolipoproteins E - blood; Apolipoproteins E - isolation & purification; Binding Sites - drug effects; BLOOD PLASMA; CARBOHIDRATOS; CARBOHYDRATES; Cholesterol, VLDL - analysis; Chromatography, Affinity; CORPS GRAS; Cross Reactions; DIET; DIETA; Dietary Carbohydrates - administration & dosage; Dietary Fats - administration & dosage; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; FATS; Female; GLUCIDE; GRASAS; Heparin - metabolism; Humans; LIPOPROTEINAS; LIPOPROTEINE; LIPOPROTEINS; Lipoproteins, VLDL - blood; Lipoproteins, VLDL - isolation & purification; Male; Phospholipids - analysis; PLASMA SANGUIN; PLASMA SANGUINEO; POLISACARIDOS; POLYHOLOSIDE; POLYSACCHARIDES; Radioimmunoassay; REGIME ALIMENTAIRE; VERY LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN
• ISSN: 0026-0495; 1532-8600
• DOI: 10.1016/0026-0495(90)90048-H

High carbohydrate-fat free diets (CHO-diet) induce the secretion of increased numbers of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles and alter the composition and metabolism of VLDL. The aims of this study were to examine VLDL in greater detail, specifically to document any CHO-diet-induced alterations of apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) epitope expression of VLDL, and any changes induced in subclasses of VLDL, as defined by heparin Sepharose chromatography. Fifteen normolipidemic subjects participated in the study by eating a basal typical American diet for 7 days and high carbohydrate diet (85% carbohydrate, less than 1% fat) for another 7 days. The sequence was changed in seven subjects. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for lipoprotein lipid and apoprotein concentrations. Heparin affinity VLDL subclasses were characterized chemically and electrophoretically [sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)]. Immunoreactivities of apoB in VLDL were tested in solid phase competitive-binding radioimmunoassays (RIAs) using five monoclonal anti-B antibodies that react with defined epitopes of apoB-100. The CHO diet produced consistent increases of plasma triglycerides in all subjects by a mean of 66% and decreases in plasma cholesterol by 18%. ApoB in plasma decreased by 21% and apoA-I by 17%; however, apoE and ApoA-II did not change. VLDL was enriched with triglycerides (55.0% +/- 0.8 v 57.0% +/- 0.7, P less than .05) and apoE (3.7% +/- 0.5 to 5.9% +/- 0.7, P less than .007) and the ratio between apoE and apoC in VLDL increased (0.15 +/- 0.03 to 0.25 +/- 0.03, P less than .002).