RND efflux pumps in Gram-negative bacteria; regulation, structure and role in antibiotic resistance

• Published in: Future microbiology Vol. 15; no. 2; pp. 143 - 157
• Main Authors: Colclough, Abigail L, Alav, Ilyas, Whittle, Emily E, Pugh, Hannah L, Darby, Elizabeth M, Legood, Simon W, McNeil, Helen E, Blair, Jessica Ma
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Future Medicine Ltd 01.01.2020
• Subjects: Adapter proteins; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; antibiotic; Antibiotic resistance; Antibiotics; Antimicrobial agents; Bacteria; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins - chemistry; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins - physiology; Biological Transport; Drug resistance; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; E coli; efflux; Fatty acids; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Gram-negative bacteria; Gram-Negative Bacteria - physiology; Infections; Membrane Transport Proteins - chemistry; Membrane Transport Proteins - physiology; Metabolism; Metabolites; Multidrug resistance; Mutation; Nodulation; Plasmids; regulation; RND; Salmonella; structure; Virulence; antibiotic; RND; regulation; efflux; antibiotic resistance; structure
• ISSN: 1746-0913; 1746-0921
• DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2019-0235

Rresistance-nodulation-division (RND) efflux pumps in Gram-negative bacteria remove multiple, structurally distinct classes of antimicrobials from inside bacterial cells therefore directly contributing to multidrug resistance. There is also emerging evidence that many other mechanisms of antibiotic resistance rely on the intrinsic resistance conferred by RND efflux. In addition to their role in antibiotic resistance, new information has become available about the natural role of RND pumps including their established role in virulence of many Gram-negative organisms. This review also discusses the recent advances in understanding the regulation and structure of RND efflux pumps.