Mediated territoriality: rural workers and the efforts to scale out agroecology in Nicaragua

• Published in: The Journal of peasant studies Vol. 44; no. 2; pp. 354 - 376
• Main Authors: McCune, Nils, Rosset, Peter M., Salazar, Tania Cruz, Saldívar Moreno, Antonio, Morales, Helda
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Routledge 04.03.2017; Taylor & Francis Ltd
• Subjects: Agriculture; agroecological transition; Agronomy; Cooperation; Egalitarianism; Food; Guevara, Ernesto (1928-1967); Internalization; Mediation; mediators; Nicaragua; Peasants; Rural areas; Social activism; Social movements; Social processes; Social relations; Socialization; Sociocultural factors; Territoriality; territory; Training; Values; Nicaragua
• ISSN: 0306-6150; 1743-9361
• DOI: 10.1080/03066150.2016.1233868

The Spanish word formación can be translated as 'training' or 'education', but Latin American social movements use it as inspired by Che Guevara's notion of 'molding' the values of the new woman and new man for egalitarian, cooperative social relations in the construction of a 'new society'. This contribution presents findings on the dialectical linkages between the formación processes led by the Rural Workers' Association (ATC) and the gradual transformation of the Nicaraguan countryside by peasant families choosing to grow food using agroecological practices. We use Vygotsky's sociocultural historical theory to explore the developmental processes of formación subjects and the pedagogical mediators of their transformation into movement cadre. The motivations of active learners to develop new senses and collective understandings about their material reality become a counterhegemonic process of internalization and socialization of agroecological knowledges and senses. In this paper, we further explore the formación process by identifying territorial mediators: culturally significant elements within and outside of individuals that facilitate the rooting of agroecological social processes in a given territory where the social movement is active. By placing the territory, rather than the individual, at the center of popular education processes, new synergies are emerging in the construction of socially mobilizing methods for producing and spreading agroecological knowledge.