Papain Suppresses Atopic Skin Inflammation through Anti-Inflammatory Activities Using In Vitro and In Vivo Models

• Published in: Antioxidants Vol. 13; no. 8; p. 928
• Main Authors: Kim, Hye-Min, Kang, Yun-Mi, Lee, Minho, An, Hyo-Jin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 30.07.2024; MDPI
• Subjects: Antibodies; Atopic dermatitis; Biotechnology; Care and treatment; Cell activation; Dermatitis; Dermatophagoides farinae body; Development and progression; Enzymatic activity; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Gene expression; Health aspects; Humidity; Hydrogen peroxide; Immunoglobulin E; Inflammation; Keratinocytes; Kinases; Laboratory animals; NC/Nga; Oral administration; Papain; Proteins; Proteolysis; Reverse transcription; Skin; Transcription activation; Western blotting; South Korea; United States > US; Japan; atopic dermatitis; Dermatophagoides farinae body; keratinocytes; papain; NC/Nga
• ISSN: 2076-3921; 2076-3921
• DOI: 10.3390/antiox13080928

Papain (PN) is a proteolytic enzyme derived from L. While the pharmacological effects of PN have not been extensively studied compared to its enzymatic activity, PN also holds potential benefits beyond protein digestion. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of PN against skin inflammation in house dust mite body (Dfb)-exposed NC/Nga atopic dermatitis (AD) mice and human HaCaT keratinocytes and their underlying mechanisms. The effects of PN on the skin were assessed via histological examination, measurements of transepidermal water loss (TEWL), quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our findings indicated that the oral intake of PN decreased the severity scores of lesions resembling AD, TEWL, and the levels of inflammatory cytokines and serum immunoglobulin E in Dfb-induced AD mice, along with a reduction in epidermal thickness and mast cell infiltration. Additionally, PN inhibited the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways in Dfb-induced AD mice and HaCaT keratinocytes. Moreover, PN improved survival and reduced ROS production in H O -damaged HaCaT keratinocytes and enhanced the expression of antioxidant enzymes in Dfb-induced AD mice. Concludingly, the oral administration of PN suppressed inflammatory mediators and downregulated the MAPKs/STAT pathway, suggesting its potential role in AD pathogenesis.