Blood biomarkers for the diagnosis of amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

• Published in: Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews Vol. 128; pp. 479 - 486
• Main Authors: Qu, Yi, Ma, Ya-Hui, Huang, Yu-Yuan, Ou, Ya-Nan, Shen, Xue-Ning, Chen, Shi-Dong, Dong, Qiang, Tan, Lan, Yu, Jin-Tai
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Ltd 01.09.2021
• Subjects: Alzheimer Disease - diagnosis; Alzheimer’s disease; Amnestic mild cognitive impairment; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Biomarkers; Blood biomarker; Cognitive Dysfunction - diagnosis; Humans; Meta-analysis; Neuropsychological Tests; tau Proteins; Amnestic mild cognitive impairment; Alzheimer’s disease; Blood biomarker; Meta-analysis
• ISSN: 0149-7634; 1873-7528; 1873-7528
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.007

•Blood Aβ42, Aβ40 and Aβ ratio using IMR technique have great AD diagnostic values.•Blood T-tau and P-tau 181 were increased from controls to aMCI to AD patients.•Blood NfL were increased from controls to aMCI patients to AD patients.•Blood platelet AβPPr were decreased from controls to aMCI patients to AD patients. The development of blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology as tools for screening the general population is essential, but persists controversies. We aimed to evaluate the effects of AD core pathological biomarkers on blood, and systematical searched Embase, PubMed and Cochrane for eligible studies. Biomarker performance was rated by random-effects meta-analysis based on the ratio of means method and multivariable-adjusted effect estimates. Finally, 150 articles were included, which demonstrated T-tau (average ratio: 1.25–1.62), P-tau 181 (1.36–2.16) and NfL (1.24–1.86) were increased, and AβPPr (0.65−0.88) were decreased from controls to amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) to AD. Furthermore, Aβ42, Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio and P-tau 217 using ultrasensitive platforms also had great diagnostic accuracy from controls to aMCI to AD. Consequently, significantly changes of blood AD core biomarkers were verified in comparison between AD, aMCI and control, supporting biomarkers were strongly valid in identifying AD and aMCI, which provides a new prospect of AD early diagnosis and progressive monitoring. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42020191927.