X-ray-activated nanosystems for theranostic applications

X-rays are widely applied in clinical medical facilities for radiotherapy (RT) and biomedical imaging. However, the sole use of X-rays for cancer treatment leads to insufficient radiation energy deposition due to the low X-ray attenuation coefficients of living tissues and organs, producing unavoida...

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Published inChemical Society reviews Vol. 48; no. 11; pp. 373 - 311
Main Authors Chen, Xiaofeng, Song, Jibin, Chen, Xiaoyuan, Yang, Huanghao
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Royal Society of Chemistry 04.06.2019
Subjects
adverse effects
Attenuation coefficients
Biomedical materials
Body parts
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Contrast agents
energy
image analysis
Light sources
Materials science
Medical imaging
Nanotechnology
neoplasms
Organs
Penetration depth
Radiation therapy
Reagents
Side effects
tissues
Tumors
X-radiation
X-rays
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Summary:X-rays are widely applied in clinical medical facilities for radiotherapy (RT) and biomedical imaging. However, the sole use of X-rays for cancer treatment leads to insufficient radiation energy deposition due to the low X-ray attenuation coefficients of living tissues and organs, producing unavoidable excessive radiation doses with serious side effects to healthy body parts. Over the past decade, developments in materials science and nanotechnology have led to rapid progress in the field of X-ray-activated tumor-targeting nanosystems, which are able to tackle even systemic tumors and relieve the burden of exposure to large radiation doses. Additionally, novel imaging contrast agents and techniques have also been developed. In comparison with conventional external light sources ( e.g. , near infrared), the X-ray technique is ideal for the activation of nanosystems for cancer treatment and biomedical imaging applications due to its nearly unlimited penetration depth in living tissues and organisms. In this review, we systematically describe the interaction mechanisms between X-rays and nanosystems, and provide an overview of X-ray-sensitive materials and the recent progress on X-ray-activated nanosystems for cancer-associated theranostic applications. We systematically provide an overview of X-ray-sensitive materials and the recent progress on X-ray-activated nanosystems for cancer-associated theranostic applications.
Bibliography:Xiaoyuan (Shawn) Chen received his PhD in chemistry from the University of Idaho in 1999. He joined the University of Southern California as an Assistant Professor of Radiology in 2002. He then moved to Stanford University in 2004 and was promoted to Associate Professor in 2008. In 2009, he joined the Intramural Research Program of the NIBIB/NIH as a Senior Investigator and Chief of the Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN). He has authored/co-authored over 700 peer-reviewed papers and the total citations exceed 50 000 (H-index: 122). He is also the founding editor of journal Theranostics.
Jibin Song obtained his PhD degree in Chemical and Biomedical Engineering at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, in 2014. He then worked with Prof. Xiaoyuan (Shawn) Chen as a postdoctoral fellow at National Institutes of Health (NIH). After finish the postdoctoral training, he joined the Fuzhou University as a "Min Jiang Scholar" Professor of analytical chemistry. Prof. Song has published over 50 papers in high impact journals. His research focuses on developing molecular imaging nanoprobes for bioimaging, biosensing and drug/gene delivery.
Xiaofeng Chen received his bachelor's degree from Fuzhou University in June 2016. Now he is persuing his doctor degree under the supervision of Prof. Huanghao Yang. His research mainly focuses on design, synthesis and biomedical applications of luminescence materials.
Huanghao Yang is a fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, who received his PhD from Xiamen University in 2002 and engaged in postdoctoral research at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (2002-2004). He joined Fuzhou University in 2008 as a Min Jiang Scholar Professor. He has been supported by the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China in 2011 and the National Award for the Chang Jiang Scholar Program in 2012. Prof. Yang's research interests mostly focus on nanotechnology, bioanalysis and cancer therapy. He has authored/co-authored over 250 peer-reviewed papers and the total citations exceed 13 700 (H-index of 60).
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ISSN:0306-0012
1460-4744
1460-4744
DOI:10.1039/c8cs00921j