Cell migration directionality and speed are independently regulated by RasG and Gβ in Dictyostelium cells in electrotaxis

Motile cells manifest increased migration speed and directionality in gradients of stimuli, including chemoattractants, electrical potential, and substratum stiffness. Here, we demonstrate that cells move directionally in response to an electric field with specific acceleration/deceleration kinetics...

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Published inBiology open Vol. 8; no. 7
Main Authors Jeon, Taeck J, Gao, Runchi, Kim, Hyeseon, Lee, Ara, Jeon, Pyeonghwa, Devreotes, Peter N, Zhao, Min
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England The Company of Biologists Ltd 2019
The Company of Biologists
Subjects
Acceleration
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell migration
Chemotactic factors
Deceleration
Dictyostelium
Directionality
Electric fields
Electrotaxis
Feedback loops
Kinetics
Migration speed
Motility
Stiffness
Directionality
Dictyostelium
Motility
Migration speed
Electrotaxis
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Summary:Motile cells manifest increased migration speed and directionality in gradients of stimuli, including chemoattractants, electrical potential, and substratum stiffness. Here, we demonstrate that cells move directionally in response to an electric field with specific acceleration/deceleration kinetics of directionality and migration speed. Detailed analyses of the migration kinetics suggest that migration speed and directionality are separately regulated by Gβ and RasG, respectively, in EF-directed cell migration. Cells lacking Gβ, which is essential for all chemotactic responses in , showed EF-directed cell migration with the same increase in directionality in an EF as wild-type cells. However, these cells failed to show induction of the migration speed upon EF stimulation as much as wild-type cells. Loss of RasG, a key regulator of chemoattractant-directed cell migration, resulted in almost complete loss of directionality, but similar acceleration/deceleration kinetics of migration speed as wild-type cells. These results indicate that Gβ and RasG are required for the induction of migration speed and directionality, respectively, in response to an EF, suggesting separation of migration speed and directionality even with intact feedback loops between mechanical and signaling networks.
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ISSN:2046-6390
2046-6390
DOI:10.1242/bio.042457