The bioactivity of novel furanoterpenoids isolated from Siphonochilus aethiopicus

• Published in: Journal of ethnopharmacology Vol. 121; no. 1; pp. 92 - 97
• Main Authors: Lategan, Carmen A., Campbell, William E., Seaman, Tracy, Smith, Peter J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Shannon Elsevier Ireland Ltd 12.01.2009; Amsterdam; New York: Elsevier; Elsevier
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - isolation & purification; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antifungal Agents - isolation & purification; Antifungal Agents - pharmacology; Antimalarial activity; antimalarials; Antimalarials - isolation & purification; Antimalarials - pharmacology; Antimalarials - therapeutic use; antiprotozoal agents; Biological and medical sciences; chemical constituents of plants; Chloroquine - pharmacology; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Cricetulus; Cytotoxicity; Furanoterpenoids; Furans - isolation & purification; Furans - pharmacology; Furans - therapeutic use; General pharmacology; in vitro studies; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Malaria, Falciparum - drug therapy; Medical sciences; medicinal plants; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Pharmacognosy. Homeopathy. Health food; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Phytotherapy; plant extracts; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Roots - chemistry; Plasmodium falciparum; Plasmodium falciparum - drug effects; rhizomes; Siphonochilus aethiopicus; solid phase extraction; Staphylococcus aureus; Terpenes - isolation & purification; Terpenes - pharmacology; Terpenes - therapeutic use; terpenoids; traditional medicine; Zingiberaceae; Zingiberaceae - chemistry; South Africa; Cytotoxicity; Antimalarial activity; Siphonochilus aethiopicus; Furanoterpenoids; Antimalarial; Pharmacognosy; Plant origin; Parasiticide; Medicinal plant
• ISSN: 0378-8741; 1872-7573
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.10.007

This study investigated the medicinal plant Siphonochilus aethiopicus (Zingiberaceae) for antiplasmodial activity. The ethyl acetate extract of Siphonochilus aethiopicus rhizomes was fractionated using solid phase extraction (SPE) and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. Structure elucidation was performed with nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. The in vitro cytotoxicity and antiplasmodial activity was determined. In vivo schizontocidal activity was performed in a malaria mouse-model. Additional in vitro testing was done against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The ethyl acetate extract showed in vitro activity against the chloroquine-sensitive (CQS) and chloroquine-resistant (CQR) strains of Plasmodium falciparum with IC 50-values of 2.9 μg/ml and 1.4 μg/ml, respectively. Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of three novel furanoterpenoids with moderate in vitro antiplasmodial activity. The crude extract showed very good in vivo activity. The compounds and crude extract were more active against the CQR strain than the CQS strain of Plasmodium falciparum. The SPE fractions were more active than the isolated compounds. The compounds did not show good activity against the micro-organisms tested. No in vitro cytotoxicity was observed. This study provides evidence of antiplasmodial compounds present in Siphonochilus aethiopicus.