Two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) for biomedical applications

Two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides known as MXenes, with a general formula of M n +1 X n ( n = 1-3), integrate the advantages of metallic conductive transition metals with large groups of carbides, nitrides, or carbonitrides. They have led to a burgeoning research interest in bio...

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Published inChemical Society reviews Vol. 47; no. 14; pp. 519 - 5124
Main Authors Huang, Kai, Li, Zhongjun, Lin, Jing, Han, Gang, Huang, Peng
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Royal Society of Chemistry 17.07.2018
Subjects
Antibacterial materials
Biomedical materials
Biosensors
carbides
Carbon nitride
Magnetic properties
magnetism
Medical imaging
Metal carbides
MXenes
Nitrides
Optical properties
Physiochemistry
precision medicine
transition elements
Transition metals
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Summary:Two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides known as MXenes, with a general formula of M n +1 X n ( n = 1-3), integrate the advantages of metallic conductive transition metals with large groups of carbides, nitrides, or carbonitrides. They have led to a burgeoning research interest in biomedical applications due to their ultrathin structure and fascinating physiochemical (electronic, optical, magnetic, etc. ) properties. In this review, we summarize recent advances in biomedical applications for MXenes. We first introduce the preparation methods and surface modifications with respect to MXenes. Their unique properties are then elaborated. Thirdly, we highlight their various biomedical applications, such as with biosensors, antibacterial materials, bioimaging probes, therapeutics, and theranostics. In the end, the current challenges and new opportunities for MXenes in regard to their biomedical applications are also discussed. MXenes with an ultrathin structure and fascinating physiochemical (electronic, optical, magnetic, etc. ) properties have great potential for biomedical applications, such as biosensors, antibacterial materials, bioimaging probes, therapeutics, and theranostics.
Bibliography:Gang Han received his BSc and MSc degrees in Chemistry from Nanjing University. He obtained his PhD (2007) at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst. He then became a postdoctoral researcher working at the molecular foundry of the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. He joined the faculty of the University of Massachusetts-Medical School (UMMS) in 2010 and currently is an associate professor in the Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology department at UMMS. His current research includes the investigation of luminescent molecules and nanoparticles in biophotonic and photonic applications.
Jing Lin received her PhD in Organic Chemistry from Donghua University and Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2010. Then she joined the PharmaResources (Shanghai) Co., Ltd as a group leader. After two years, she moved to the United States of America and spent 4 years as a postdoc at the University of Maryland and the National Institutes of Health (NIH). She joined the faculty of Shenzhen University (SZU) in 2016 and was promoted as a Distinguished Professor in 2018. Her research focuses on self-assembly of functional nanomaterials for diagnosis, treatment, and theranostics of diseases.
Kai Huang obtained his BSc in materials chemistry (University of Science and Technology of China) and PhD in Biomedical Engineering (National University of Singapore) in 2011 and 2016 respectively. After graduation, he was a postdoctoral researcher in the University of Massachusetts Medical School (UMMS). He is now a joint postdoctoral fellow of UMMS and the Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET) at Shenzhen University. His research interest focuses on the design and development of energy conversion nanomaterials for biomedical applications.
Peng Huang received his PhD in Biomedical Engineering from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 2012. Then he joined the Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) as a postdoctoral fellow. In 2015, he moved to Shenzhen University (SZU) as a Distinguished Professor, Chief of Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET), and Director of Department of Molecular Imaging. His research focuses on the design, synthesis, and biomedical applications of molecular imaging contrast agents, stimuli-responsive programmed targeting drug delivery systems, and activatable theranostics.
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ISSN:0306-0012
1460-4744
1460-4744
DOI:10.1039/c7cs00838d