Host and MTB genome encoded miRNA markers for diagnosis of tuberculosis

• Published in: Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland) Vol. 116; pp. 37 - 43
• Main Authors: Chakrabarty, Sanjiban, Kumar, Ajay, Raviprasad, Kuthethur, Mallya, Sandeep, Satyamoorthy, Kapaettu, Chawla, Kiran
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Scotland Elsevier Ltd 01.05.2019; Elsevier Science Ltd
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bacteriological Techniques; Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Cell-Free Nucleic Acids - blood; Cell-Free Nucleic Acids - genetics; Diagnostic systems; Female; Gene expression; Gene sequencing; Genetic Markers; Genomes; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; India; Infections; Infectious diseases; Male; MicroRNAs - blood; MicroRNAs - genetics; Middle Aged; miRNA; Mycobacterium tuberculosis - genetics; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Predictive Value of Tests; Ribonucleic acid; RNA; RNA, Bacterial - blood; RNA, Bacterial - genetics; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis - blood; Tuberculosis - diagnosis; Tuberculosis - genetics; Tuberculosis - microbiology; Young Adult; India
• ISSN: 1472-9792; 1873-281X; 1873-281X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2019.04.002

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNA molecules which are involved in various cellular and physiological processes. Previously, studies have identified several miRNAs that are potential diagnostic biomarkers for various infectious diseases including tuberculosis. We have performed small RNA sequencing using the Ion Torrent PGM platform in extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) subject's serum samples to identify circulating miRNAs during mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection. Our analysis identified 20 circulating miRNAs upregulated and 5 miRNAs downregulated during MTB infection in patient's serum. In addition, we have identified 6 MTB genome encoded miRNAs upregulated in EPTB patient's serum samples. Taqman based qRT-PCR analysis of host-genome encoded (hsa-miR-146a-5p and hsa-miR-125b-5p) and MTB genome encoded (MTB-miR5) miRNAs showed increased expression in a cohort of 52 healthy, pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) patients serum samples. Our study identified for the first time a panel of host and MTB genome specific differentially expressed circulating miRNAs in serum samples of an Indian patient cohort with tuberculosis infection with a potential as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for tuberculosis infection.