Association between Left Atrial Appendage Morphology and Clot Histology in Patients with Embolic Ischemic Stroke: An Exploratory Study

• Published in: Journal of clinical medicine Vol. 13; no. 6; p. 1734
• Main Authors: Lengvenis, Givi, Drachneris, Julius, Žurauskas, Edvardas, Ekkert, Aleksandra, Berūkštis, Andrius, Kurminas, Marius, Girčius, Rokas, Mikelis, Kipras, Afanasjev, Andrej, Ryliškienė, Kristina, Laurinavičius, Arvydas, Tamošiūnas, Algirdas Edvardas
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 17.03.2024; MDPI
• Subjects: Analysis; Angiography; Blood clot; Brief Report; Care and treatment; Catheters; Coronary vessels; CT imaging; Development and progression; Fibrin; Heart atrium; Histology; Identification and classification; Ischemia; Medical imaging; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Morphology; Patients; Physiological aspects; Risk factors; Stroke; Stroke (Disease); Thrombosis; Tomography; Ultrasonic imaging; Variance analysis; Veins & arteries; Lithuania; United States > US; mechanical thrombectomy; histopathology; LAA; stroke; embolic
• ISSN: 2077-0383; 2077-0383
• DOI: 10.3390/jcm13061734

Acute embolic ischemic stroke poses a significant healthcare challenge. Histological clot features' variability among patients with acute ischemic stroke treated by mechanical thrombectomy has potential implications for determining treatment and etiology. This study investigated the clot histological feature differences among patients who experienced cardioembolic stroke and embolic stroke of undetermined source with different left atrial appendage (LAA) morphologies. We conducted a prospective observational study involving 79 patients with acute embolic ischemic stroke undergoing mechanical thrombectomy. Computed tomography angiography images were used to classify LAA morphologies. An artificial intelligence algorithm assessed the clot fibrin and red blood cell contents. Patients with chicken-wing LAA morphology exhibited lower mean clot fibrin proportions than did those with non-chicken-wing morphology ( < 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that chicken-wing LAA was significantly associated with a lower clot fibrin proportion (estimate, -0.177; 95% CI [-0.259, -0.096]; < 0.001). The successful recanalization rate and first-pass effect between the groups did not differ significantly. The chicken-wing LAA morphological type is associated with lower clot fibrin contents, suggesting potentially different embolism mechanisms or diverse embolic sources, compared with the non-chicken-wing LAA types. Further studies are required to investigate this association.