Medical treatment for gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours

Gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms(GEPNENs) represents a various family of rare tumours. Surgery is the first choice in GEP-NENs patients with localized disease whilst in the metastatic setting many other treatment options are available. Somatostatin analogues are indicated for sympto...

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Published inWorld journal of gastrointestinal oncology Vol. 8; no. 4; pp. 389 - 401
Main Authors Berardi, Rossana, Morgese, Francesca, Torniai, Mariangela, Savini, Agnese, Partelli, Stefano, Rinaldi, Silvia, Caramanti, Miriam, Ferrini, Consuelo, Falconi, Massimo, Cascinu, Stefano
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published China Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 15.04.2016
Subjects
agents;Somatostatin
analogues;Everolimus;Sunitinib
gastro-entero-pancreatic
neoplasms
Neuroendocrine
Review
system;Chemotherapy;Targeted
the
Chemotherapy
Somatostatin analogues
Sunitinib
Targeted agents
Everolimus
Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the gastro-entero-pancreatic system
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Summary:Gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms(GEPNENs) represents a various family of rare tumours. Surgery is the first choice in GEP-NENs patients with localized disease whilst in the metastatic setting many other treatment options are available. Somatostatin analogues are indicated for symptoms control in functioning tumours. Furthermore they may be effective to inhibit tumour progression. GEP-NENs pathogenesis has been extensively studied in the last years therefore several driver mutations pathway genes have been identified as crucial factors in their tumourigenesis. GEP-NENs can over-express vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), basic-fibroblastic growth factor, transforming growth factor(TGF-α and-β), platelet derived growth factor(PDGF), insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) and their receptors PDGF receptor, IGF-1 receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor, VEGF receptor, and c-kit(stem cell factor receptor) that can be considered as potential targets. The availability of new targeted agents, such as everolimus and sunitinib that are effective in advanced and metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, has provided new treatment opportunities. Many trials combing new drugs are ongoing.
Bibliography:Rossana Berardi;Francesca Morgese;Mariangela Torniai;Agnese Savini;Stefano Partelli;Silvia Rinaldi;Miriam Caramanti;Consuelo Ferrini;Massimo Falconi;Stefano Cascinu;Department of Medical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche;Chirurgia del Pancreas, Ospedale San Raffaele IRCCS, Università Vita e Salute
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Author contributions: Berardi R was responsible for manuscript conception, revising literature and writing the paper and had the final responsibility to submit for publication; Morgese F, Torniai M, Savini A, Partelli S, Rinaldi S, Caramanti M, Ferrini C, Falconi M and Cascinu S contributed to performing research, analysing literature data, writing the paper; all authors had contributed to the manuscript and approved the final version.
Correspondence to: Rossana Berardi, MD, Department of Medical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I - GM Lancisi - G Salesi di Ancona, Via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy. r.berardi@univpm.it
Telephone: +39-071-5965715 Fax: +39-071-5965053
ISSN:1948-5204
1948-5204
DOI:10.4251/wjgo.v8.i4.389