Phenolic and carotenoid profiles and antiproliferative activity of foxtail millet

• Published in: Food chemistry Vol. 174; pp. 495 - 501
• Main Authors: Zhang, Li Zhen, Liu, Rui Hai
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.05.2015
• Subjects: Antioxidants - analysis; Antioxidants - chemistry; Antiproliferation; Carotenoids; Carotenoids - chemistry; Cell Line, Tumor; Cellular antioxidant activity; Foxtail millet; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; Phenolic acids; Phenols - analysis; Phenols - chemistry; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Setaria Plant - chemistry; PSC; CAA; Caffeic acid (PubChem CID: 689043); Chlorogenic acid (PubChem CID: 1794427); Foxtail millet; Phenolic acids; Antiproliferation; FW; DW; Carotenoids; Ferulic acid (PubChem CID: 445858); Zeaxanthin (PubChem CID: 5280899); ρ-Coumaric acid (PubChem CID: 637542); Syringic acid (PubChem CID: 10742); Cellular antioxidant activity; HPLC; Xanthophyll (PubChem CID: 5281243)
• ISSN: 0308-8146; 1873-7072
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.09.089

•Foxtail millet varieties demonstrated antioxidant activity in vitro.•Foxtail millet varieties demonstrated cell antioxidant activity.•Foxtail millet varieties contained ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, carotenoid.•Foxtail millet varieties showed significant antiproliferative activity against MDA and HepG2. Commonly consumed foxtail millet varieties Jingu28 and Jingu34 were compared in terms of phytochemical composition, antioxidant property, and antiproliferative activity. The cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) was evaluated based on HepG2 cell cultivation. Antiproliferative properties against HepG2 and MDA cell were assayed by methylene blue assay. Total phenolic content (TPC) was 78.79 and 114.22mg gallic acid equiv/100g DW in Jingu28 and Jingu34. Both varieties contained ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and p-coumaric acid, syringic acid. Xanthophylls and zeaxanthin were also detected. Peroxyl radical scavenging capacity of the foxtail millet were 228.13 (Jingu28) and 355.03 (Jingu34) μmol of vitamin C equiv/100g, respectively. CAA values of the foxtail millet varieties ranged from 1.52 to 8.97μmol quercetin equiv/100g DW. The proliferation of MDA and HepG2 cancer cells were significantly inhibited in a dose-dependent manner after exposure to Jingu28 and Jingu34 extractions.