Using 3D computer simulations to enhance ophthalmic training

• Published in: Ophthalmic & physiological optics Vol. 26; no. 1; pp. 40 - 49
• Main Authors: Glittenberg, C., Binder, S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Science Ltd 01.01.2006; Blackwell
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; computer aided training; Computer Simulation; computer simulations; Computer-Assisted Instruction - instrumentation; Computer-Assisted Instruction - methods; Cranial Nerve Diseases - pathology; Cranial Nerves - anatomy & histology; Education, Medical, Undergraduate - methods; Educational Measurement - methods; Eye and associated structures. Visual pathways and centers. Vision; Eye Movements - physiology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Microcomputers; Multimedia; neuroophthalmology; Oculomotor Muscles - anatomy & histology; ophthalmology; Ophthalmology - education; Pupil; Pupil Disorders - pathology; Software; three-dimensional animation; Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs; Eye; Computer simulation; neuroophthalmology; three-dimensional animation; computer aided training; Ophthalmology; computer simulations; Computer aid
• ISSN: 0275-5408; 1475-1313
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2005.00358.x

Purpose:  To develop more effective methods of demonstrating and teaching complex topics in ophthalmology with the use of computer aided three‐dimensional (3D) animation and interactive multimedia technologies. Methods:  We created 3D animations and interactive computer programmes demonstrating the neuroophthalmological nature of the oculomotor system, including the anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology of the extra‐ocular eye muscles and the oculomotor cranial nerves, as well as pupillary symptoms of neurological diseases. At the University of Vienna we compared their teaching effectiveness to conventional teaching methods in a comparative study involving 100 medical students, a multiple choice exam and a survey. Results:  The comparative study showed that our students achieved significantly better test results (80%) than the control group (63%) (diff. = 17 ± 5%, p = 0.004). The survey showed a positive reaction to the software and a strong preference to have more subjects and techniques demonstrated in this fashion. Conclusion:  Three‐dimensional computer animation technology can significantly increase the quality and efficiency of the education and demonstration of complex topics in ophthalmology.