Spatial Distribution of Shrubs Impacts Relationships among Saltation, Roughness, and Vegetation Structure in an East Asian Rangeland

Vegetation influences the occurrence of saltation through various mechanisms. Most previous studies have focused on the effects of vegetation on saltation occurrence under spatially homogeneous vegetation, whereas few field studies have examined how spatially heterogeneous cover affects saltation. T...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inLand (Basel) Vol. 10; no. 11; p. 1224
Main Authors Kono, Akito, Okuro, Toshiya
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.11.2021
Subjects
aerodynamic roughness length
Dust
Field tests
Fluctuations
Friction
Heterogeneity
intershrub distance
Land degradation
Mathematical analysis
Precipitation
rangeland management
Rangelands
Roughness
Saltation
Sediment transport
Shrubs
Soil erosion
Spatial distribution
Spatial heterogeneity
Steppes
threshold friction velocity
Vegetation
Vegetation cover
Vegetation effects
Velocity
Wind
wind erosion
Mongolia
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Summary:Vegetation influences the occurrence of saltation through various mechanisms. Most previous studies have focused on the effects of vegetation on saltation occurrence under spatially homogeneous vegetation, whereas few field studies have examined how spatially heterogeneous cover affects saltation. To examine how spatial heterogeneity of vegetation influences saltation, we surveyed the vegetation and spatial distribution of shrubs and conducted roughness measurements at 11 sites at Tsogt-Ovoo, Gobi steppe of Mongolia, which are dominated by the shrubs Salsola passerina and Anabasis brevifolia. Saltation and meteorological observations were used to calculate the saltation flux, threshold friction velocity, and roughness length. The spatial distribution of shrubs was estimated from the intershrub distance obtained by calculating a semivariogram. Threshold friction velocity was well explained by roughness length. The relationships among roughness, saltation flux, and vegetation cover depended on the spatial distribution of shrubs. When the vegetation was distributed heterogeneously, roughness length increased as the vegetation cover decreased, and the saltation flux increased because the wake interference flow became dominant. When the vegetation was spatially homogeneous, however, the saltation flux was suppressed even when the vegetation cover was small. These field experiments show the importance of considering the spatial distribution of vegetation in evaluating saltation occurrence.
ISSN:2073-445X
2073-445X
DOI:10.3390/land10111224