Wind Turbine Fault Detection through Principal Component Analysis and Statistical Hypothesis Testing

• Published in: Energies (Basel) Vol. 9; no. 1; p. 3
• Main Authors: Pozo, Francesc, Vidal, Yolanda
• Format: Journal Article Publication
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.01.2016
• Subjects: 60 Probability theory and stochastic processes; Aerodynamics; Classificació AMS; Computer simulation; Energia eòlica; Energies; Errors de sistemes (Enginyeria); Estadística aplicada; FAST (Fatigue; FAST (Fatigue, Aerodynamics, Structures and Turbulence); Fault detection; Faults; Hypotheses; Hypothesis testing; Matemàtiques i estadística; Mathematical models; Parameter estimation; Pitch angle; Principal component analysis; Principal components analysis; Signal processing; Simulation; statistical hypothesis testing; Statistics; Structures and Turbulence; System failures (Engineering); Turbines; Turbulent flow; wind turbine; Wind turbines; Àrees temàtiques de la UPC
• ISSN: 1996-1073; 1996-1073
• DOI: 10.3390/en9010003

This paper addresses the problem of online fault detection of an advanced wind turbine benchmark under actuators (pitch and torque) and sensors (pitch angle measurement) faults of different type: fixed value, gain factor, offset and changed dynamics. The fault detection scheme starts by computing the baseline principal component analysis (PCA) model from the healthy or undamaged wind turbine. Subsequently, when the structure is inspected or supervised, new measurements are obtained are projected into the baseline PCA model. When both sets of data-the baseline and the data from the current wind turbine-are compared, a statistical hypothesis testing is used to make a decision on whether or not the wind turbine presents some damage, fault or misbehavior. The effectiveness of the proposed fault-detection scheme is illustrated by numerical simulations on a well-known large offshore wind turbine in the presence of wind turbulence and realistic fault scenarios. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed strategy provides and early fault identification, thereby giving the operators sufficient time to make more informed decisions regarding the maintenance of their machines.