Physiological changes in the hemolymph of juvenile shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei to sublethal nitrite and nitrate stress in low-salinity waters

• Published in: Environmental toxicology and pharmacology Vol. 80; p. 103472
• Main Authors: Valencia-Castañeda, Gladys, Frías-Espericueta, Martín G., Vanegas-Pérez, Ruth C., Chávez-Sánchez, María C., Páez-Osuna, Federico
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.11.2020; Elsevier Science Ltd
• Subjects: Animals; Blood metabolites; cations; Contaminants; Crustaceans; Exposure; Glucose; Glucose - metabolism; Gulf of California; Hemocyanins - metabolism; Hemolymph; Hemolymph - drug effects; Hemolymph - metabolism; Juveniles; lactate; Lactic acid; Lactic Acid - metabolism; Litopenaeus vannamei; Nitrates; Nitrates - toxicity; Nitrites; Nitrites - toxicity; Nitrogen dioxide; oxyhemocyanin; Penaeidae - drug effects; Penaeidae - metabolism; Potassium - metabolism; Salinity; Salinity effects; Shrimps; Sodium - metabolism; Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity; Gulf of California; oxyhemocyanin; glucose; cations; lactate; Blood metabolites
• ISSN: 1382-6689; 1872-7077
• DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103472

[Display omitted] •Metabolic changes in hemolymph of shrimp exposed to NO2−-N and NO3−-N was evaluated.•Oxyhemocyanin decreased with the increase of NO2−-N and NO3−-N level in the water.•Glucose and lactate increased in the exposure of 50% LC50 nitrite and nitrate.•Na+ in the hemolymph did changed with nitrite and nitrate, and K+ only with nitrite. Juveniles of the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (3.3 ± 0.4 g) were exposed separately to nitrite (0.0, 1.1, 2.6, and 5.3 mg/L nitrogen as nitrite [NO2−-N]) and nitrate (0, 90, 225 and 400 mg/L nitrogen as nitrate [NO3−-N]) concentrations equivalent to 0, 10, 25, and 50% of the LC50-96 h value of NO2−-N and NO3−-N in low salinity water (3 g/L). Shrimps responded to nitrite and nitrate according to changes in oxyhemocyanin, glucose, lactate and ion levels in the hemolymph after 6, 12, 24, and 48 h of exposure. Oxyhemocyanin levels decreased with increasing nitrite and nitrate levels and were higher at 50% exposure to the contaminants. Compared to the control, glucose and lactate increased significantly at 50% exposure to nitrite and nitrate, particularly at 12 and 24 h. Na+ in the hemolymph changed with nitrite and nitrate, while K+ only changed ˜with nitrite.