The acute response of apoptosis and migration to resistance exercise is protocol-dependent

• Published in: International journal of sports medicine Vol. 35; no. 12; p. 1051
• Main Authors: Prestes, J, Pereira, G B, Tibana, R A, Navalta, J W
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany 01.11.2014
• Subjects: Adult; Apoptosis - physiology; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - cytology; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - cytology; Cell Movement; Female; Humans; Lymphocyte Count; Male; Muscle, Skeletal - physiology; Physical Endurance - physiology; Resistance Training - methods; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1439-3964
• DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1370922

The aim of the present study was to compare the acute effects of resistance exercise (RE) designed for hypertrophy or local muscle endurance (LME) on CD4+ and CD8+ T cell apoptosis and migration. 14 untrained subjects (age 20.5±0.8 years, body mass 70.0±12.8 kg, body mass index 24.0±3.2 kg/m(2)), women (N=11) and men (N=3) completed 2 RE sessions (3 sets of 9 exercises) designed for hypertrophy at 10 repetitions maximum (RM) and LME at 60% of 10RM with 1-min rest-intervals between sets and exercises. The investigated lymphocytes were: CD4+, CD4+/CD69RA+, CD8+ and CD8+/CD69RA+ with cell surface markers annexin V and CX3CR1 analyzed by flow cytometry. Percentage of CD4+ positive for annexin V+ were higher immediately following and 24 h after the hypertrophy protocol as compared with LME, while CD4+ positive for CX3CR1 were higher immediately after and lower at the 24 h time point after LME as compared with the hypertrophy session. CD8+ lymphocytes responded similarly to the hypertrophy and LME protocols with elevations in both cellular migration and cell death immediately following and 24 h after the bouts (p≤0.05). Considering that the acute response of CD4+ lymphocytes to RE is protocol-dependent, a gradual adaptation to a hypertrophy program could minimize the effect on CD4+ lymphocytes and reduce the potential susceptibility to antigens during this timeframe. This would also be interesting for a RE program designed for LME based on the observed CD8+ lymphocyte response.