Blind Adaptive Beamforming for a Global Navigation Satellite System Array Receiver Based on Direction Lock Loop

• Published in: Remote sensing (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 15; no. 13; p. 3387
• Main Authors: Wu, Jian, Tang, Xiaomei, Huang, Long, Ni, Shaojie, Wang, Feixue
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.07.2023
• Subjects: Adaptability; Adaptive algorithms; Algorithms; Antenna arrays; Antennas; array antenna; Arrays; Artificial satellites in navigation; Beamforming; blind adaptive beamforming; Code Division Multiple Access; Complexity; direction lock loop; Direction of arrival; DOA estimation; Eigenvalues; Electromagnetic interference; Global navigation satellite system; global positioning systems; GNSS; Interference; Methods; Parameter estimation; Parameters; Prevention; Real time; Receivers & amplifiers; satellites; Signal processing; Signal to noise ratio; Theoretical analysis; Tracking; China
• ISSN: 2072-4292; 2072-4292
• DOI: 10.3390/rs15133387

The adaptive beamforming algorithm can realize interference suppression and navigation signal enhancement, and has been widely used. However, achieving high-precision real-time estimation of the direction of arrival (DOA) parameters of navigation signals in strong-interference scenarios with low complexity is still a challenge. In this paper, a blind adaptive beamforming algorithm for a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) array receiver based on direction lock loop is proposed without using the prior information of the DOA parameter. The direction lock loop is used for DOA tracking and estimation after interference suppression, which uses the spatial correlation of the array beam pattern to construct a closed direction-tracking loop. The DOA estimation value is adjusted in real time based on the loop errors. A blind beamformer is constructed using the DOA estimation results to provide gain by forming a beam in the satellite direction. This method improves the accuracy and dynamic adaptability of DOA estimation while significantly reducing the computational complexity. The theoretical analysis and simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.