Preclinical study of endoscopic ultrasonography with electronic radial scanning echoendoscope

• Published in: Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology Vol. 18; no. 7; pp. 828 - 835
• Main Authors: NIWA, KATSUSHI, HIROOKA, YOSHIKI, ITOH, AKIHIRO, HASHIMOTO, SENJU, HIRAI, TAKANORI, TAKEDA, KINICHI, GOTO, HIDEMI
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Melbourne, Australia Blackwell Science Pty 01.07.2003; Blackwell Science
• Subjects: Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Digestive system. Abdomen; Endoscopes; Endosonography - instrumentation; Equipment Design; Gallbladder - diagnostic imaging; Humans; Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects); Medical sciences; Stomach - diagnostic imaging; Swine; Ultrasonic investigative techniques; Sonography; Medical equipment; Endosonography; Digestive system; Experimental study; Isolated organ; Pig; Vertebrata; Gastric wall; Mammalia; Animal; Echography; Instrument; Gallbladder; Artiodactyla; Endoscopy; Ungulata; Scanning device
• ISSN: 0815-9319; 1440-1746
• DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2003.03045.x

Background: To evaluate the imaging possibility of a newly designed electronic radial scanning echoendoscope (ER‐ES). Methods: In the in vivo study of swine, we obtained B‐mode endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) images of the gastric and gallbladder (GB) walls and checked the ability to detect Doppler signals using ER‐ES and electronic linear array echoendoscope (EL‐ES). Furthermore, in the ex vivo study of swine, B‐mode EUS images of fixed gastric and GB wall specimens were obtained using ER‐ES, EL‐ES and mechanical radial scanning echoendoscope (MR‐ES). In the study of resected human specimens, we obtained B‐mode EUS images of five resected GB specimens (three normal GB, one cholecystitis and one cancerous) using the three types of echoendoscope. Results: In the in vivo study of swine, ER‐ES and EL‐ES depicted the gastric walls as five‐layered, and the GB walls as single‐layered structures. The ability to detect Doppler signals was equal between ER‐ES and EL‐ES. In the ex vivo study of swine, ER‐ES, MR‐ES and EL‐ES equally delineated the gastric walls as five‐layered and GB walls as three‐layered structures. In the study of resected human specimens, results demonstrated the normal GB walls as three‐layered, the cholecystitis as a combination of outer high‐echoic and inner low‐echoic layers, and the cancer as a protruded tumor. Conclusions: We conclude that ER‐ES has faculties for making B‐mode images as well as EL‐ES and MR‐ES. In addition, in the in vivo study, ER‐ES can analyze blood flow information as well as EL‐ES. © 2003 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd