Host-Pathogen Interactions in Progressive Chronic Periodontitis

• Published in: Journal of dental research Vol. 90; no. 10; pp. 1164 - 1170
• Main Authors: Hernández, M., Dutzan, N., García-Sesnich, J., Abusleme, L., Dezerega, A., Silva, N., González, F.E., Vernal, R., Sorsa, T., Gamonal, J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01.10.2011; International Association for Dental Research
• Subjects: Alveolar Bone Loss - immunology; Alveolar Bone Loss - microbiology; Biological and medical sciences; Chronic Periodontitis - immunology; Chronic Periodontitis - microbiology; Cytokines - metabolism; Dentistry; Disease Progression; Facial bones, jaws, teeth, parodontium: diseases, semeiology; Forkhead Transcription Factors - metabolism; Host-Pathogen Interactions - immunology; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Matrix Metalloproteinases - metabolism; Medical sciences; Non tumoral diseases; Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology; RANK Ligand - metabolism; Respiratory Burst; T-Lymphocytes - immunology; cytokines; immune response; progressive lesions; chronic periodontitis; Human; Pathophysiology; Enzyme; Stomatology; Cytokine; Metalloendopeptidases; Host agent relation; Review; Immunity; Peptidases; Periodontal disease; Chronic; Periodontitis; Hydrolases; Bacteria
• ISSN: 0022-0345; 1544-0591
• DOI: 10.1177/0022034511401405

Periodontitis is an infection characterized by the occurrence of supporting tissue destruction with an episodic nature. Disease progression is often determined by the loss of attachment level or alveolar bone, and sequential probing of periodontal attachment remains the most commonly utilized method to diagnose progressive destruction of the periodontium. The tolerance method has been the most extensive clinical method used in recent years to determine site-specific attachment level changes. There is abundant evidence that major tissue destruction in periodontal lesions results from the recruitment of immune cells. Considerable effort has been made to study the host cell and mediator profiles involved in the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis, but the definition of active sites, where current periodontal breakdown occurs, and consecutive characterization of the mediators involved are still among the main concerns. In the present review, we summarize periodontopathic bacteria and host factors, including infiltrating cell populations, cytokines, and host matrix metalloproteinases, associated with under-going episodic attachment loss that could partly explain the mechanisms involved in destruction of the supporting tissues of the tooth.