Sexual differences in biomass and nutrient allocation of first-year silene dioica plants

• Published in: Oecologia Vol. 118; no. 4; pp. 453 - 460
• Main Authors: Hembory, A.M, Karlsson, P.S
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin Springer-Verlag 01.03.1999; Springer
• Subjects: Animal and plant ecology; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Autoecology; Biological and medical sciences; Biomass; dioecy; Flowers; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; gender differences; Male animals; Nectar; Plant nutrition; Plant reproduction; Plants; Plants and fungi; Pollen; Population Ecology; Silene dioica; Summer; Underground parts; Sweden; Europe; Reproductive effort; Resource allocation; Phosphorus; Biomass; Nitrogen; Caryophyllaceae; Dioecy; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Nutrient; Herbaceous plant; Spermatophyta; Silene; Sexual differentiation; Resource economy; Irretrievable resource; Key words Dioecy; Nutrient allocation; irretrievable resource; MICROBOTRYUM-VIOLACEUM; FEMALE PLANTS; DIMO; ATRIPLEX-CANESCENS; nutrient allocation; R-ACETOSELLA; resource economy; reproductive effort; dioecy; RESOURCE-ALLOCATION; LIFE-HISTORY; CLONAL GROWTH; RUMEX-ACETOSA
• ISSN: 0029-8549; 1432-1939
• DOI: 10.1007/s004420050748

Reproductive and somatic biomass, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) pools were compared between females and males in 1st-year plants of Silene dioica. We estimated irretrievable resources allocated to seeds, pollen, flowers, and unrecovered summer leaf investment by collecting plant parts at abscission throughout the season. At the end of the season, we determined resources lost through senescent stems and autumn leaf turnover and resources stored in perennial roots and overwintering buds. Sexual differences in allocation patterns depended on the resource used for comparison, and whether absolute or proportional resource pools were assessed. Total resource pools in terms of biomass and N were similar for females and males. However, male plants acquired relatively more P. The proportional reproductive investment, i.e., reproductive effort, was similar for males and females in terms of biomass and N. In terms of P, male reproductive effort was higher. There was no difference between sexes in the proportional and relative biomass allocated to perennial roots and overwintering buds. However, in terms of absolute and relative N allocation to below-ground parts, females had larger reserves than males. Females, moreover, had a larger proportion of their P in below-ground parts. However, as male total P pools were larger, absolute P reserves did not differ between sexes. The high reproductive effort and N depletion of below-ground parts in males resulted largely from higher flower production compared to females. In females, seeds were the major component of reproductive effort. These results show that if biomass and nutrient allocation are assessed in parallel for dioecious plants, we obtain a more complete view of their sexual differences.