Nonthermal Plasma System for Marine Diesel Engine Emission Control

• Published in: IEEE transactions on industry applications Vol. 52; no. 3; pp. 2496 - 2505
• Main Authors: Balachandran, Wamadeva, Manivannan, Nadarajah, Beleca, Radu, Abbod, Maysam F., Brennen, David, Alozie, Nehemiah Sabinus, Ganippa, Lionel Christopher
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 01.05.2016; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Collisions; Diesel engines; Electron energy; Exhaust; Fuels; Marine; Marine Diesel Engine; Marine engines; Marine propulsion; Marine vehicles; Materials handling; Mathematical models; Microwave Plasma; Non-Thermal Plasma; Plasma temperature; Thyristors; microwave (MW) plasma; nitrogen oxides (NOx) abatement; nonthermal plasma; Marine diesel engine exhaust; numerical modeling
• ISSN: 0093-9994; 1939-9367
• DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2016.2518131

A nonthermal plasma reactor (NTPR) using two 2.45-GHz microwave (MW) generators for the abatement of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and sulfur (SO x ) contained in the exhaust gas of a 200-kW marine diesel engine was built and tested. Numerical analysis based on a nonthermal plasma kinetics model for the abatement of NO x and SO x from marine diesel engine exhaust gas was performed. A generic kinetic model that implements electron collisions and plasma chemistry has been developed for applications involving low-temperature (50-100 K) nonthermal plasma. Abatement efficiencies of NO x and SO x were investigated for a range of mean electron energies, which directly impact on the rate constants of electron collisions. The simulation was conducted using the expected composition of exhaust gas from a typical two-stroke, slow-speed marine diesel engine. The simulation results predict that mean electron energy of 0.25-3.2 eV gives abatement efficiency of 99% for NOx and SOx. The minimum residence time required was found to be 80 ns for the mean electron energy of 1 eV. Multimode cavity was designed using COMSOL multiphysics. The NTPR performance in terms of NO x and SO x removal was experimentally tested using the exhaust from a 2-kW lab scale, two-stroke diesel engine. The experimental results also show that the complete removal of NO is possible with the MW plasma (yellow color) generated. However, it was found that generating required MW plasma is a challenging task and requires further investigation.